Viris. XLL VITACER. 211 
‘ceous, oblong,’ unequal, 2-seeded.—Native of Northern Europe, Trunk 40f 
high, with a pyramidal head. Jn.—Aug. + 
Orver XLI VITACEA.—Garare-vines. 
Shrubs climbing by tendrils, with tumid, separable joints. 
ws. simple or compound, the lower opposite, upper alternate. 
Fis. racemose, often polygamous or dic-cious. 
Cal. minute, nearly entire or 5-toothed. ‘ ; é {and caducous, 
Cor.—Petals 4—5, inserted on the outside of the disk, val vate and inflexed in est., often cohering above 
Sta. 4—5, opposite the petals. inserted on the disk. 
Ova. superior, 2-celled. Style 1, very short. Fruita berry, globose, pulpy. Seeds bony. 
. Genera 7, species 260, natives of the warmer parts of both hemispheres. The grape fruit is the only 
important production of this order. “The acid of the grape is tartaric. It contains.a sugar which differs 
from the common sugar in containing a smaller quantity of carbon. 
Genera, 
Torus elevated into a ring surrounding the ovary. Leavescordate,&ce. . . «. .« Vitis. 1 
“Torus withouta ring. Leaves digitately 5-foliate. one Site ie not ee 2 Areas 
1. VITIS. 
Celtic gicyd, a tree or shrub. 
Petals deciduous, cohering at the top, or distinct and spreading ; 
ovary partly enclosed within the torus, 2-celled ; cells 2-ovuled ; stigma 
sessile, capitate; berry 1-celled, 1—4-seeded—Ped. often changed 
into tendrils. 
1. V. Lazrusca. 
Ivs. broad cordate, angular-lobed, tomentose beneath.—This vine is na- 
tive through the U. S., growing in woods and groves. Like mostof the N. 
American species, the flowers are diewcious. Stem woody, rough-barked, 
ascending trees often to a great height, and hanging like cables suspended from 
the branches. Leaves very large, somewhat 3-lobed, at first white-downy be- 
neath. Flowers small, green, in panicles with a leaf opposite. Fruit large, 
purple, often green or red. It is valued in cultivation for its deep shade in 
summer arbors, and its fruit which is pleasant in taste. The Isabella, and 
other sorts known in gardens, are varieties of this species. + 
2. V. corpirotia. Mx. (V.vulpina. Linn.) Frost Grape. Winter Grape. 
Iws. cordate, acuminate, somewhat equally toothed, smooth on both 
sides; rac. loose, many-flowered ; berries small—Grows in thickets, by rivers, 
&c., ascending shrubs and trees to the height of 10—20f. Leaves large, mem- 
branous, often 3-lobed, with pubescent veins when young, and with a few 
mucronate teeth. Berries nearly black, rather small, late, acid, but well fla- 
vored after frosts of November. Jn. 
3. V. ZSTIVALIS. 
Lvs. broadly cordate, 3—5-lobed or palmate-sinuate, coarsely dentate, 
with scattered, ferruginous hairs beneath; fertile rac. long, panicled; berries 
small—Grows in woods, by rivers, &c. Stem very long, slender, climbing, 
with very large leaves, which are sometimes with deep, rounded sinuses, 
clothed beneath when young, with arachnoid, rust-colo pubescence. Ten- 
drils from the peduncles which are dense flowered, and with a leaf opposite. 
Petals cohering at summit. Berries deep blue, well flavored, but smail, ripe 
in September. Flowers in June. 
4. Y. niparia. Michx. Winter Grape. 
Lvs. incisely dentate, somewhat 3-lobed ; the petioles, veins and margins 
pubescent; derries small, in loose racemes.—Grows in thickets, on river banks, 
&c., Can. to Va., W.to Ark. Vine 15—30f long. Leaves large, as long as 
wide, with coarse, unequal, acuminate teeth. Fruit dark-purple. 
5. V. vEnIFERA. Common Wine Grape.—tLuws. cordate, sinuately 5-lobed, 
glabrous or tomentose ; fis. all $ —Naturalized in nearly all temperate climates, 
but supposed not to be indigenous to this country. No plant in the vegetable 
ingdom possesses more interesting attributes, is cultivated with greater care, 
or, let me add, has been worse perverted or abused by mankind, than the com- 
