~ 
. 
QA XLVI. ROSACEA. Pruus. 
small.—Hedges, &c., sparingly naturalized. Shrub very branching, 8—18f 
high. Thorns slender, very sharp, axillary, 3/long. Leaves 13—2/ long, nearly 
as wide, lower ones deeply lobed; petioles 3—1’ long, with 2 leafy stipules at 
base. Flowers white. Fruit 2—3” diam., purple-—Used for hedges (exten- 
sively in Europe). ‘There are several varieties. § + 
6. C. parvirLora. Ait. (C. tomentosa. Michz. Mespilus laciniata. Walt.) 
Thorns slender ; vs. coriaceous, pubescent, cuneate-obovate, subsessile, in- 
cisely serrate; jfls. subsolitary; cal. with the pedicels and branchlets villous-to- 
mentose; sep. laciniate, foliaceous; sty. 5; fr. large, roundish-obovoid, with 5 
bony, l-seeded nuts—Sandy woods, N. J. and Southern States. A much 
branched shrub, 4—7f high. Leaves 1—2’ by 3—3’, the upper surface shining 
and nearly glabrous when old. Fruit greenish-yellow, near }/ diam., and eata- 
ble when ripe. Apr. May. 
7. C. corpata. Ait. (C. populifolia. Walt.) Washington Thorn. 
Thorn glabrous and glandless ; lvs. cordate-ovate, somewhat deltoid, acu- 
minate, incise!y lobed and serrate, with long and slender petioles; sep. short ; 
sty. 5; fr. small, <i Oa et deaagage of streams, Va. to Ga., cultivated 
in the Middle States for hedge-rows. Shrub 15—20f high, the branches with 
very sharp and slender thorns 2—3/ long. Leaves often deeply 3—5-lobed, about 
2’ by 13’. Pomes }/ diam., numerous, red. Jn. §+ 
7. PYRUS. 
Celtic peren; Anglo-Saxon pere; Fr. poire: Lat. pyrus; Eng. pear. 
Calyx urceolate, limb 5-cleft; petals 5, roundish ; styles 5 (2 or 3), 
often united at base; pome closed, 2—5-carpeled, fleshy or baccate ; 
carpels cartilaginous, 2-seeded— Trees or shrubs. Lvs. simple or pin- 
nate. Els. white or rose-colored, in cymose corymbs. . 
§ Leaves simple. Cyme simple. Styles united at base. 
1; P. coronaria. (Maltis. Mill.) Crab Apple. Sweet-scented Crab-tree. 
Lws. broad-ovate, rounded at base, incisely serrate, often sublobate, smooth- 
ish, on very slender petioles; yet. unguiculate; sty. united and wooly at the 
base; fr. as well as the fs. very fragrant, corymbose.—Borders of woods, Mid. 
West. and South. States. A small tree, 10—20f high, with spreading branches. 
Leaves 2—3/ long, 3 as wide, resembling those of Crateegus coccinea ; petioles 
3—1’ long. Flowers very large, rose-colored, in loose corymbs of 5—10. Fruit 
as large (1—13/ diam.) as a small apple, yellowish, hard and sour, but esteem- 
ed for preserves. May. + 
2. P. ancustirouia. Ait. (Malus. Michz.) 
Glabrous; Jvs. lance-oblong, acute at base, slightly dentate-serrate, shin- 
ing above; sty. distinct; fr. small—Penn. and 8. States. A tree 15—20f high, 
resembling the last, but with smaller leaves and fruit. Apr. May. 
3. P. Matus. Common Apple Tree.—Leaves ovate, or oblong-ovate, serrate, 
acute or short-acuminate, pubescent above, tomentose beneath, petiolate; co- 
vymbs subumbellate : pedicels and calyx villose-tomentose ; pet. with short claws: 
sty. 5, united and villose at base; pome globose.—Native in Europe and almost 
naturalized here. Tree 20—25f high (in thickets 25—40). Branches rigid, 
crooked, spreading. Bark rough and blackish. Leaves 2—3/ long, 3 as wide, 
petioles 3—1’long. Flowers expanding with the leaves, fragrant, large, clothing 
the tree in their light roseate hue, making ample amends for its roughness and de- 
formnity.—The Romans had 22 varieties (Pliny) but the number is now greatly 
increased. Probably nearly 1000 varieties are cultivated in the U. 8. + 
4. P. commtnis. Pear Tree.—Leaves. ovate-lanceolate, subserrate, glabrous 
above, pubescent beneath, acute or acuminate; corymbs racemose; cal, and pe- 
dicels pubescent; sty. 5, distinct and villose at base; pome pyriform.—Tree 
usually taller than the apple, 20—35f high. Bark rough, blackish. Branches 
ascending. Leaves 2—3}/ long, 3 as wide ; petioles 1—2/long. Flowers white, 
small.—Native in Europe, where, in its wild state, the fruit is small and im- 
palatable. The Romans cultivated 36 varieties (Pliny), but, like the apple, 
varieties without end are now raised from the seed of this delicious fruit. + 
