VIRURNUM. LXXI. CAPRIFOLIACE. 301 
ding ; cor. somewhat funnel-form, densely bearded inside ; sta. and bearded style 
exserted.— W oods, Mich. to Wis. Lapham! and Can. Shrub 2—4f high. 
Leaves 1—3/ by 3—2’; pubescent or nearly glabrous, paler beneath. Corolla 
rather larger and more expanded than in the last, purplish-white. Berries 
white. July. 
3. S. vuLGAris. Michx. (Lonicera symphoricarpus. Linn. Symphoria 
glomerata. Nutt.)—Lwvs. roundish-oval; spikes axillary, subsessile, capi- 
tate and crowded; cor. campanulate, lobes nearly glabrous; sta. and bearded 
style included.—River banks, Penn. to Mo. and S. States. Shrub 2—3f high. 
Branches purplish and often pubescent. Leaves 1—2’ by 3—14’, somewhat 
pubescent. Corolla greenish-red. Berries purple. 
5. LINN # A. Gron. 
In honor of Cari Von Linne, the most profound of naturalists, ancient or modern. 
Calyx tube ovate, limb 5-parted, deciduous ; bracteoles at base 2 ; 
corolla campanulate, limb subequal, 5-lobed; stamens 4,2 longer 
than the other 2; berry dry, 3-celled, indehiscent, l-seeded (2 cells 
abortive).— A trailing, evergreen herb, widely disseminated throughout 
the northern temperate zone. 
L. BoREALIS. Gron. Twin-flower. 
The only species, native of moist, shady, rocky soils, generally in evergreen 
woods, from lat. 39° to the Arc. Sea. It has long, creeping, filiform, brownish 
stems, rooting and branching their whole length, and covering the ground in 
large patches. Leaves small, opposite, petiolate, roundish, with obtuse lobes or 
teeth, and scattered hairs. Peduncles filiform, slightly hairy, about 3’ high 
(the only erect part of the plant), the lower part leafy, the upper furnished with 
a pair of minute, linear, opposite bracts, and terminating with 2 pedicellate, 
nodding flowers. The corolla is rose-colored and very fragrant. Jn. 
Trize 2. SAMBUCEX. 
Corolla regular, rotate. Stigmas 3—5, nearly sessile. 
6. SAMBUCUS. 
Lat. swmbuca, a musical instrument, said to have been made of the elder. 
Calyx small, 5-parted; corolla 5-cleft, segments obtuse; stamens 
5; stigma obtuse, small, sessile; berry globose, pulpy, 3-seeded.— 
Shrubs or perennial herbs, with pinnate, or bipinnate lvs. F's. in cymes. 
1. S. CanaDensis. Common Elder. 
St. shrubby ; cymes 5-parted; lvs. nearly bipinnate ; Jfts. oblong-oval, acu- 
minate, smooth. A common, well known shrub, 6—10f high, in thickets and 
waste grounds, U.S. and Can. Stem filled with a light and porous pith, espe- 
cially when young. Leaflets in 3 or 4 pairs with an odd one, serrate, the lower 
ones often binate or trifoliate. Petioles smooth. Flowers numerous, in very 
large (2f broad in Ia!) level-topped cymes, white, with a heavy odor. Berries 
dark purple. May—Jl. 
2. 8. pusens. Michx. Panicled Elder. 
* St. shrubby; cymes paniculate or pyramidal ; /fts. oval-lanceolate, acumi- 
nate, in 2 or 3 pairs, with an odd one, and, with the petiole, pubescent beneath. 
—A common shrub, in hilly pastures and woods, Hudson’s Bay to Car., growing 
about 6f high, often more or less. Leaves simply and unequally pinnate. 
Leaflets sharply serrate, very pubescent when young. Flowers ina close, ovoid 
thyrsus or panicle. Corolla white. Berries scarlet, small. Jn. 
8. leucocarpa. Berries white—Catskill Mountains. T: ¢ G. 
7 VIBURNUM. 
Lat. viere, to tie ; for the pliancy of the twigs of some of the species. 
Calyx small, 5-toothed, persistent; corolla limb 5-lobed, segments 
obtuse ; stamens 5, equal, longer than the corolla; stigmas mostly 
