Dipsacuvs. LXXIV. DIPSACEZ. 309 
1. F. Facopyrum. Torr. & Gray. (Valerianella radiata. Mench.) Wild 
Corn-salad or Lamb Lettuce—wSt. dichotomous, nearly smooth; lws. oblong- 
spatulate, subentire ; fr. 3-sided, obscurely 2—3-toothed at the summit.—West- 
ern N. Y. to Ohio! Stem 8—18’ in height. Bracts lanceolate, acute. Fruit 
resembling that of buck-wheat (Polygonum Fagopyrum) in form, containing 
one large seed and two empty cells. Flowers white. June. 
2. F. rapiAta. Michx. 
Lvs. entire, or toothed towards the base, obtuse; fis. white; fr. ovoid, pu- 
bescent, somewhat 4-angled, obscurely 1-toothed at apex; empty cells not di- 
vergent, but with a groove between them ; fertile cell flattish, broader than the 
other 2,—Low grounds, Mich.! Ohio! to La. Stem 6—12’ high, dichotomous 
like the other species, smooth. Leaves oblong, more or less tapering to the 
base, 1—2’ by 2—4””._ Fruit less than 1” long, at length nearlysmooth. May. 
3. F. oxitoria. Vahl. Pawnee Lettuce. 
Fr. compound, oblique, at length broader than long, not toothed at apex; 
fertile cell larger than both the others; empty cells united, but with a groove 
between ; vs. spatulate-obtuse, radical ones petiolate; fs. pale blue—Natural- 
ized in some portions of the U. S. Stem smooth, 8—12’ high, dichotomous. 
Leaves mostly entire. Flowers in dense cymules. Fruit 1’/diam. June. + 
4, F. umpiuicata. W. 8S. Sullivant. 
Fruit subglobose, inflated, apex 1-toothed, the anterior face deeply umbili- 
cate, sterile cells several times larger than the fertile one; bracts subspatulate- 
linear, not ciliate-——Columbus, Ohio, Suwllivant! Plant smooth in all its parts, 
1—2f high, many times dichotomous. Leaves oblong, obtuse, clasping, dilated 
and coarsely dentate at base, 13/—3/ by 3—10”. Flowers in numerous cymules, 
corymbosely arranged. Fruit nearly 1’ diam., with 1 rib at the back produced 
into a tooth at apex, and a conspicuous depression in front. 
Orver LXXIV. DIPSACEA.—Teasetworrs. 
Herbs or low shrubs, with whorled or opposite leaves. ‘ 
Fis. collected upon a common receptacle and surrounded by a many-leaved involucre. 
Cal. adherent, often pappus-like, surrounded by a scarious involucel. 
Cor. tubular, somewhat irregular, the limb 4—5-parted. aM 
Sta. 4, alternate with the lobes of the corolla, often unequal. Anthers distinct. 
Ova. inferior, one-celled, one-ovuled. Style one, simple. 
Fr. dry, indehiscent, with a single suspended seed. 
Genera 6, species 150._ The order is nearly allied to the Composite. The species are all natives of 
the temperate regions of the Eastern continent, none of them American. Their properties are unimpor- 
tant. One of the species below is useful in dressing cloth. 
1. DIPSACUS. 
G7. daw, to thirst; alluding to the water held in the axils of the leaves. 
Flowers in heads; involucre many-leaved ; involucel 4-sided ; calyx 
superior ; corolla tubular, 4-cleft; fruit 1-seeded, crowned with the 
calyx.—@ Plants large, hairy or prickly. Lvs. opposite, connate (some- 
times distinct) at base. 
1. D. sytvestris. Mill. Wild Teasel. 
Lvs. connate, sinuate or jagged; hds. cylindrical; bracts of the involucre 
longer than the head of flowers, slender and pungent, bent inwards—A tall, 
naturalized, European plant, growing in hedges and by road-sides, Mass. to Ia.! 
Stem about 4f high, angled and prickly, with the opposite, lance-shaped leaves 
united around it. Flowers bluish, in a large oval or cylindrical head whose 
bracts or scales are not hooked as in the next species, but straight. July. § 
2. D. Furténum. Fullers’ Teasel—Lvs. connate. entire or serrate; hd. cylin- 
drical; bracts hooked ; invol. spreading —A cultivated, European plant. Root 
fleshy, tapering. Stem erect, furrowed, prickly, hollow, about 5f high. Leaves 
two at each node, united at their bases around the stem in such a way as to 
hold a quantity of water. Flowers whitish, in large, oval or ovoid heads. Cul- 
