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Sonipaco. LXXV. COMPOSITZ. 329 
those of the upper part of the stem very entire, lower ones serrate; flowering 
branches paniculate, with close, short racemes; rays elongated ; involucre scales 
obtuse.—A tall species, in dry fields and rocky woods, Ct. to Mo. and Tex. 
Abundant in the western prairies! Stem 3—5f high, round, striate, with rigid 
leaves, of which the radical ones are sometimes near a foot long. Heads 
larger than in any other species described in this Flora. Rays 7—9, about 
3” by 1”, deep yellow. Aug. Sept. : 
4. S. Ountensis. Riddell. 
Glabrous; lower lws. lanceolate, obtuse, entire or serrulate above, tapering 
to long petioles, wpper oblong-lanceolate, abruptly acute, sessile, entire; hds. 
numerous, 15—20-flowered, rather large, in a dense, fastigiate corymb.—Mead- 
ows and prairies, western N. Y. to Ia.!_ A perfectly smooth species, 2—3fhigh. 
Stem simple, reddish, leafy. Leaves of a firm texture, the radical 6—8’ by 
1—12’, on petioles of equal length, middle cauline, about 2’ by 5”. Heads 
about 6-rayed. Sept. Oct. 
5. S. Rippetyu. Frank. (S. Mexicana. 8. Hook.) FRiddell’s Solidago. 
Stout and nearly glabrous, corymbosely branched; radical lws. very long, 
lance-linear, entire, acute, on long, margined, carinate petioles, cauline lvs. 
clasping at base, arcuate, carinate, narrow, acute, entire; branches leafy ; hds. 
20—24-flowered, densely clustered in a compound, faStigiate corymb.—Wet 
rairies Ohio! Wis. to Mo., not uncommon. <A well marked species, 15—30’ 
high. Radical leaves 12—18’ long, almost grass-like, cauline 3—6’ by 3’, with 
a strong mid-vein, and generally much recurved. Rays small, 6—9. Sept. 
§ 3. Heads in glomerate, axillary clusters. 
6. S. sauarroésa. Muhl. Ragged Goldenrod. 
St. stout, simple, erect, thickly pubescent above; dvs. smooth, lower ones 
very broad, oval-spatulate, serrate, acute, upper ones lanceolate-elliptic, high- 
est, entire; rac. glomerate, rigid and pubescent; scales squarrose with spread- 
ing green tips; hds. many-flowered ; rays 10—12, elongated.—A handsome spe- 
cies, found on rocky hills, Can. to Penn. Stem 3—5f high. Heads very 
large, forming a long terminal spike of short, dense, axillary fascicles or ra- 
cemes. Sept. ’ 
7. S. cmsta. Ait. (S. axillaris. Ph.) Blue-stemmed Goldenrod. 
St. erect, round, smooth and glaucous, often flexuous; Jvs. smooth, linear- 
lanceolate, lower ones serrate; rac. axillary, erect—A very elegant species, in 
thickets and dry woods, Can. and U.S. Stem 1—3f high, of a bluish-purple 
color, terete and slender, somewhat flexuous, simple or branched. Leaves 
2—5’ long, ending in a long point, sessile, glaucous beneath. Racemes axilla- 
ry, numerous, short. Flowers of a deep, rich yellow. Rays 5—7, once anda 
half the length of the involucre. Aug. 
B. flexicaulis. (S. flexicaulis. Ph. not of Linn.) St. flexuous, angular; vs. 
ovate-lanceolate, longer than the subcapitate racemes.—Leaves about 2’ by }’. 
Rays pale yellow. 
8. S. tatirotia. Muhl. (S. macrophylla. Bw. S. flexicaulis. 8. Ph.) 
St. somewhat flexuous, angular, smooth; dvs. broadly ovate, acuminate 
at each end, deeply serrate, smooth; petioles marginal; rac. axillary and ter- 
minal.—A singular and very distinct species, common in dry woods and by 
rocky streams, U.S. and Can. Stem slender, not always perfectly smooth, 
about 2f high. Leaves 3—5’ by 2—4’, with acute, often long-acuminate serra- 
tures. Clusters very short, axillary, the stem ending with a long terminal one. 
Heads few. Sept. 
9. S. Bicotor. (Aster bicolor. Nees.) Two-colored Goldenrod. 
Hairy ; st. simple; évs. elliptical entire, acute at each end, lower ones ser- 
rate, short-stalked; rac. short, dense, leafy, erect; invol. scales obtuse.—In 
woods and dry hills, Can., N., Mid. & W. States. A species remarkably dis- 
tinguished among the solidagos by having white rays. Stem generally simple, 
2f high, a little hairy. Leaves hairy on both sides, mostly entire, gradually re- 
duced in size upwards. Flowers in numerous close, short, axillary clusters, 
