354 LXXV. COMPOSITE. CaRTHAMUs. 
receptacle naked ; achenia of the disk membranaceous; pappus 0.— 
An oriental genus of annual herbs. Lvs. alternate. 
C. orricinauis. Pot Marigold.—Viscid-pubescent; st. erect, branched; lws. 
oblong, acute, mucronate, sessile, subdentate and scabrous-ciliate on the mar- 
gin; Ads. terminal, solitary; ach. carinate, muricate, incurved—A common 
and handsome garden plant, from 8. Europe. It has double, lemon-colored, and 
other varieties. Flowers large and brilliant, generally orange-colored. Jn.—Sept.t 
62. CENTAUREA. 
The centaur Chiron, it is said, cured with these his foot wounded by Hercules. 
Heads discoid ; involucre imbricate; ray flowers larger than the 
rest, sterile, often wanting; receptacle bristly; pappus of filiform, 
scabrous bristles in several series—A genus of orvental herbs, with al- 
ternate leaves. 1 
1. C. nigra. Black Knapweed. 
St. erect, branched, pubescent above; lower lvs. angular-lyrate, wpper lan- 
ceolate, dentate ; scales of the involucre ovate, with an erect, capillary fringe — 
2| A troublesome weed in meadows and pastures, Mass. Introduced from Eu- 
rope. Stem about 2f high, simple or oftener divided into elongated branches. 
Heads few, large, terminal, solitary. Scales dark brown. Flowers purple. 
Jl. Aug. § 
2. C. Cyinus. Blue-botile. Bachelor’s-button. 
St. erect, branching, downy; lvs. linear, entire, downy, the lowest subden- 
tate ; invol. scales serrate.-—() Introduced from Europe, cultivated and sparingly 
naturalized in old fields. It is a hardy annual, justly popular for its handsome 
flowers, which are very variable in color. Heads ovoid, solitary on the ends 
of the branches. Jl.—Sept. § 
3. C. Americana. Nutt. (C. Nuttallii. Spreng.) 
St. erect, sulcate, sparingly branched; lower ls. oblong-ovate, repand-den- 
tate, wpper ones lanceolate, acute, ail sessile and glabrous; Ads. few or solitary, 
very large; ped. thickened at summit; znvol. depressed-globose, scales with a 
pectinate-pinnate, reflexed appendage.—@) Native in Ark. and La., naturalized 
in Ill. Mead. Cultivated in gardens. Stem 2—4f high, with very showy, pale- 
purple heads. § t 
63. AMBERBOA. DC. 
Heads discoid ; involucre imbricate ; ray-flowers wanting or larger 
than the rest, sterile ; pappus of oblong or obovate paleze, attenuated 
to the base, all similar, rarely small or 0.— Eastern herbs, with alter- 
nate leaves. 
1. A. moscuira. Willd. (Centaurea. Linn.) Sweet Sultan.—Luvs. lyrate- 
dentate ; invol. subglobose, smooth ; scales ovate; ray-flowers scarcely enlarged, 
not exceeding the disk; pappus 0.—A handsome border annual from Persia. 
Flowers purple. A variety has white flowers. July—Oct. 
2. A. oporirta. a. amboracea. DC, (Centaurea suaveolens. Willd.) Yellow 
Sweet Sultan.—Lower lvs. broadly subspatulate, dentate, wpper lyrate at base; 
hds. globose; ray-fis. enlarged upwards, longer than the disk; pappus chaffy, a 
little shorter than the fruit—From Levant. Leaves scarcely pinnatifid. Flow- 
ers yellow. 
B. glauca. (Centaurea glauca. Willd.) Lvs. often deeply pinnatifid; flowers 
purple. 
64. CARTHAMUS. 
Arabic qorthom, to paint; from its coloring property. 5 
Heads discoid; involucre imbricated, outer bracts foliaceous ; 
flowers all tubular and %, filaments smooth; pappus 0; receptacle 
with setaceous pales ; achenia 4-angled.— Oriental herbs. 
