~ 
358 LXXV. COMPOSITA. CATANANCHE. 
K. Viratnica. Willd. (Hyoseris. Mx. Cynthia. Beck.) Dwarf Dandelion. 
Scape 1-flowered ; lvs. lanceolate, lyrate, smooth; invol. smooth.—@) This 
little plant is found on sandy hills and_ by roadsides, Can. to La. Scapes 1— 
several, smooth, slender, 1—8’ high. After flowering it becomes longer than 
the leaves. The primary leaves are roundish, entire ; the rest irregularly lyrate. 
Scales of the involucre 10—15, linear-lanceolate, arranged in a somewhat sim- 
ple series. Corollasyellow. Ach. turbinate, scabrous, reddish-brown. May—Jl. 
73. CYN THT A. Bem 
: One of the names of Diana; its application to this genus is not obvious. 
Involucre nearly simple, of equal, narrow scales; receptacle flat, 
alveolate; pappus double, the outer minute, scaly ; inner copious, 
capillary ; achenia short.—% Lvs. alternate or all radical. Hds. with 
15—20 yellow flowers. 
C. Vircinica. Don. (Tragopogon. Linn. Krigia amplexicaulis. Nutt.) 
St. mostly simple, scape-like ; radical lvs. sublyrate or pinnatifid, on short, 
winged petioles ; cauline ones lanceolate, amplexicaul, entire—In barrens and 
dry soils, Western N. Y. to Ill.! &c. The plant is smooth and glaucous. Stem 
1—2f high, often dichotomously divided, with 1—2 clasping leaves at the forks. 
Radical leaves 3—5’ long, sometimes nearly entire. Heads terminal on the 
bracteate and subumbellate peduncles, with deep yellow flowers. Scales united 
at base in asomewhat double series. May—July. 
74. LEONTODON. 
Gr. Xewrv, a lion, odovs, a tooth; in reference to the deeply toothed leaves. 
Involucre imbricate, the outer scales very short ; receptacle na- 
ked; pappus plumose, persistent on the somewhat rostrate achenia.— 
Acaulescent herbs, with whate fils. many in a head. 
L. autumNauis. (Apargia. Willd.) Autumnal Hawkweed. 
Scape branching; ped. scaly; lvs. lanceolate, dentate-pinnatifid, smoothish. 
—A European plant, naturalized and common in the eastern parts of N. Eng- 
land, growing in grass-lands and by roadsides. The flower resembles those of 
the dandelion (Taraxacum). Root large, abrupt. Scape round, striate, hol- 
low, decumbent at base, 6—18' high, with a few branches and scattered scales, 
Leaves all radical, spreading, 6’ long, with deep, round sinuses, and covered 
with remote hairs. Heads 1’ diam. yellow, appearing from July to Nov. § 
75. TRAGOPOGON. 
Gr. rpayos, a goat, twywy, beard; in allusion to the tawny, showy pappus, 
Involucre simple, of many leaves; receptacle naked; pappus plu- 
mose; achenia longitudinally striate, contracted into a long, filiform 
beak.—@ European herbs, with long, linear, grass-like lvs. 
T. porrirouius. Salsify. Vegetable Oyster —Invol. much longer than the corol- 
la; dvs. long, linear, undivided, straight; ped. thickened upwards. Stem 3—4f 
high. Flowers terminal, solitary, large, bluish-purple. This exotic is cultivated 
in gardens for the root, which is long, tapering and nutritious. When properly 
prepared it has a mild, sweetish taste, which has been compared to that of the 
oyster. f 
76. CATANANCHE. 
Gr. xara, avaykn, from necessity: it must necessarily be admired (2). 
Invyolucre imbricated, scarious ; receptacle paleaceous ; pappus pale- 
aceous, 5-leaved; palez: awned.—® Oriental herbs, with alternate, 
lanceolate lvs. 
C. c@rvuLea.—Lvs. linear and lanceolate, villous, somewhat bipinnatifid at 
base ; lower scales of the involucre ovate, mucronate.—From S. Europe. A hand- 
some annual, 2—3f high. Heads solitary, on long peduncles with blue, spread- 
ing, ligulate corollas toothed at apex. Jl.—Sept. + 
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