HELIoTROPIUM. XCIV. BORRAGINACE. 435 
the lower ones oblanceolate, obtuse, tapering to a short petiole. Racemes revo- 
lute at the end, not secund, short at first, but arising at length 6’, 8’, or even 12’. 
Flowers very small, white. June. 
12 ECHINOSPERMUM. Swartz. 
Gr. exwos, the sea-urchin, omcopa, seed; from the character. 
Calyx 5-parted; corolla hypocrateriform, orifice closed with con- 
cave scales; seeds echinate, compressed or angular, fixed to a central 
column.— Herbs erect. Lvs. oblong or linear. Rac. bracted. Pedicels 
short, erect. 
E. Lapptua. Lehm. (Rochelia. Roem. Cynoglossum. Scop.) Burr-seed. 
St. branched above ; lvs. lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, hairy; cor. longer 
than the calyx, the border erect-spreading ; ach. each with 2 rows of hooked 
prickles on the margin.—@) An erect herb, in dry soils, roadsides, N. States to 
Arc. Am. Stem having a dry, grayish aspect from its dense hairs, about a foot 
high, undivided except at the top where it branches into a kind of panicle. 
Leaves 1/ by 1—2”, sessile. Flowers very small, blue. Jl. 
13. CYNOGLOSSUM. 
Gr. xvwy, a dog, yAocoa, tongue; from the form of the long, soft leaves. 
Calyx 5-parted; corolla short, infundibuliform, vaulted; orifice 
closed by 5 converging, convex scales; achenia depressed, fixed late- 
rally to the style— Cor. blue, purple or white. 
1. C. OFFICINALE.. Hound’s-tongue. : 
Silky-pubescent; dvs. lanceolate, acute, radical ones alternate at the base, 
petiolate, cauline ones sessile; sta. shorter than corolla—2 An erect, downy 
plant, of a dull green color, 18—20’ high, and emitting a disagreeable smell, 
which several distinguished botanists have compared to the smell of young 
mice! Grows in waste grounds and roadsides. Stem erect, hairy, 1—2f high. 
Leaves hoary with soft down on both sides, entire, upper ones clasping, with 
broad bases, lower ones 6—10/ by 1—2’, tapering into a long, attenuated base 
(winged petiole?), pointed at apex. Clusters terminal, panicled, recurved at 
the end. Flowers with a downy calyx and a dull red corolla. Calyx leaf-like 
in fruit. Seeds rough, with hooked prickles. Jl. § 
2. C. Virginicum. (C. amplexicaule. Mz. and 1st edit. 
Hirsute-pilose ; dvs. oblong-oval, acute, upper ones clasping, cordate at 
pase ; corymb terminal, leafless, on a long peduncle.—2| Inhabiting woods and 
thickets, Vt.! to Md.! W. to Ill.! rare in N. Eng. A very hairy plant, 2f high, 
simple, bearing at the top of its leafless summit, a small, panicled corymb of 
pale purple fiowers. Radical leaves 5—6’ long and half as wide. Calyx and 
pedicels very hairy. Jn. 
3. C. Morrisont. DC. (Echinospermum Virginicum. Lehm. and 1st edit.) 
Virginian Mouse-ear.—St. much branched ; lvs. oblong-lanceolate, acumi- 
nate, scabrous above; rac. divaricate, dichotomous ; fruit densely covered with 
hooked prickles.—@) An erect, hairy weed, in rocky grounds and rubbish, Can. 
to Flor. Stem furrowed, 2—3f high, with many slender, remote, wide-spread 
branches, each terminating in a centrifugal, racemose inflorescence. Leaves 
entire, remote, large (3—-4’ long), tapering to each end, the lower ones petioled. 
Flowers very small, white, the pedicels nodding in fruit. Jl. 
Tre 2. HELIOTROPE.E.—Ovary bearing a simple, terminal style 
Fruit dryish, drupaceous, partible. Seeds without albumen. 
14. HELIOTROPIUM. Tour. 
Gr. #cos, the sun, TeeTw, to turn; the flowers were said to be always turned towards the sun. 
Calyx 5-parted ; corolla hypocrateriform, orifice naked, limb 5-cleft, 
with the sinuses plaited ; stamens included ; stigma peltate ; achenia 
37* 
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