490 CXXIIL JUGLANDACES. Jueuans. 
each end, nearly smooth, with a revolute margin.—A small, prostrate, alpine 
shrub, found on the granite rocks of the White Mts. of N. H., and the calcare- 
ous mountains of Vt. The stem is 1 to 3 or 4f long, much branched and 
closely covered all around with evergreen leaves, which are 4—#! long and a 
line wide. Flowers very small, reddish, crowded in the axils of the upper 
leaves. Berries black, not ill-flavored. May, Jn. 
2. OAKESIA. Tuckerman. 
Dedicated to William Oakes, Esq., of Ipswich, Mass., to whom N. Eng. botany is greatly indebted. 
Flowers 3 § 9.—c' Stamens 3, enclosed in 3—6 membranaceous, 
sepaloid scales ; fil. filiform, exserted, distinct ; anth. 2-lobed, open- 
ing by lateral clefts. @ or % Calyx of 3 equal, membranaceous 
scales in the axis of a larger, ovate, ciliate scale; stam. 3 or 0; sty. 
trifid; ova. 3-celled; drupe 3-seeded. 
O. Conript. (Empetrum. Torr. Tuckermania. Klotzch.) Plymouth 
Crowberry.—A low, bushy, tufted shrub, about 1f high, in Plymouth, Mass., 
Emerson, pine barrens, N. J., Torrey, N. Y., Vasey. Stems slender, with a 
reddish-ash-colored bark, with short, verticillate branches. Leaves evergreen, 
numerous, spiral or imperfectly verticillate, 3/ long, linear, revolute. Flowers 
in terminal clusters of 10—15, with brownish scales and purple stamens and 
styles.—Plants with $ are less common than those with gj’ or 9. March, Apr. 
Orver CXXIII JUGLANDACE A.—Watnvzts. 
Trees, with alternate and unequally pinnate leaves and no stipules. 
Fis. green, inconspicuous, monecious. Sterile in aments. Corolla 0. 
Cal. membranaceous, oblique, irregular. Sta. indefinite (3—36). 
Fertile in small clusters. Corolia 0 or sometimes present and 3—5-petaled. 
Cal.—Tube adherent, limb 3—5-parted. a peas (dilated. 
Ova. 1-celled (partially 2—4-celled). Ovwie solitary, erect. Styles 0—2, very short. Stig. 1—2, much 
Fr. drupaceous, 1-celled, with 2—4 imperfect partitions ; endocarp bony. 
Sd. 2—4-lobed, without albumen, oily. : 
_ Genera 4, species 27, mostly North American. ‘ 
Properties.—The well known fruit of the butternut, walnut, peccan-nut, &c., is sweet and whole- 
some, abounding ina rich, drying oil. The epicarp, and even the integument of the kernel, are very 
astringent. The timber is highly valuable. 
Genera. 
f eae Leaves 15—21-foliate. . . «© +» «+ « « Juglans. 1 
Corolla of the fertile flowers ?none. Leaves 5—9-foliate. e oe CERO Te OR a eet [hoe 
1. JUGLANS. 
Lat. Jovis glans; i. e. the nut of Jove ; aname given it by way of eminence. 
3 in an imbricated, simple ament; calyx scale 5—6-parted, some- 
what bracteate at base; stamensabout 20. @ Calyx 4-cleft, superior; 
corolla 4-parted ; stigmas 2; fruit drupaceous, epicarp spongy, inde- 
hiscent, endocarp rugose and irregularly furrowed.— Trees of large 
size, with alternate, unequally pinnate leaves. Leaflets numerous. 
Sterile aments axillary. Fertile flowers terminal. 
1. J. cinerea. (J.cathartica. Michx.) Butternut. White Walnut. 
Lfts. numerous (15—17), lanceolate, serrate, rounded at the base, soft- 
pubescent beneath ; petioles villous; fr. oblong-ovate, with a terminal, obtuse 
point, viscid, hairy; »wcleus oblong, acuminate, deeply and irregularly furrow- 
ed.—The butternut is found throughout the N. England, Middle and Western 
States, and Canada, growing on elevated river-banks and on cold, uneven, 
rocky soils. It is 40—50f high, with a large, but short trunk. The branches 
are horizontal, and unusually wide-spreading, forming a very large head. 
Leaves 12—20’ long, consisting of 7 or 8 pairs of leaflets, with an odd one. 
Barren flowers in long aments; fertile in short spikes. The kernel is oily, 
leasant-flavored, and well-known in N. England. The wood is of a reddish 
ue, light, and is considerably used in panneling and ornamental work. From 
the bark is extracted an excellent cathartic. April,-May. 
