SUBDIVISION SECOND. 
ENDOGENS, OR MONOCOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS. 
Srem not distinguishable into bark, pith and concentric zones or 
layers of wood. Growrts by irregular, internal accretions, consist- 
ing of bundles of woody fibre and vessels, successively descending 
from the leaves above, through the cellular tissue already formed. 
Leaves mostly with simple, parallel veins, alternate, entire, frequently 
sheathing at base, and seldom falling off by an articulation. Sepazs 
and PETALS, when present, commonly in 3s. Ovutes produced within 
an ovary. Emsryo with one cotyledon, rarely with two, the second 
being much smaller than, and alternate with, the first. 
CLASS III. AGLUMACEOUS ENDOGENS. 
Flowers without glumes. Organs developed on the usual and 
normal plan, consisting of stamens and pistils, either or both, sur- 
rounded by verticillate, floral envelops; or the latter are wanting, 
and the stamens and pistils are achlamydeous. 
Orper CXXXIV. ARACEA.—Araps. 
Herbs or tropical shrubs, with a fleshy rhizoma or cormus. ; 
Lvs. sheathing at base, often with branching veins, and sometimes compound. 
Fis. mostly monecious and achlamydeous, arranged upon a naked or spathaceous spadix. 
Perianth, when present, consisting of 4—6 parts. 
Sta. definite or indefinite, hypogynous, very short. Anth. ovate, extrorse. 
Ova. free, 1—several-celled. Stigma sessile. . 
Fr.—Berry succulent or dry. Seeds solitary or several, with fleshy albumen. 
Genera 26, species 170, abundant in tropical regions, more rare in temperate, one only, Calla palustris, 
extending to the northern frigid zone. 
Properties.—An acrid, volatile principle pervades the order, which is, in some instances, so concen- 
trated as to become poisonous. The corms and rhizomas abound also in starch, which in some cases. 
when the volatile acridity is expelled in drying or cooking, is edible and nutritious. 
Conspectus of the Genera. 
aye ; Berry l-seeded. . Peltandra. 2 
and covered Vie Berry many-seeded. Cada. 3 
As with flowers, ? oval, preceding the leaves. . Symplocarpus. 6 
$ Spadix ina spathe (and naked above. Stem a corm. -  « Arum. 1 
} broad. ¢ Spadix naked, yellow, on a clavate scape. hh SP pee wt wie | Opontium. 4 
Leaves ¢linear-ensiform. Scape leaf-like. Spadix lateral. sPy at SM eos 8): +s CONUS, 5 
ts AR U Me 
Coptic aron, the name of the Egyptian species, A. colocasia. 
Flowers sometimes 2 &. Spathe cucullate, convolute at base; 
perianth 0; spadix cylindric, naked above, staminate below the mid- 
dle and pistillate at the base; berry 1-celled, many-seeded —%. 
1. A. TRIPHYLLUM. Dragon-Root. Jack-in-the-Pulpit. 
Acaulescent; /vs. trifoliate, mostly in pairs, leaflets oval, acuminate; spa- 
diz clavate; spathe ovate, acuminate, flat and deflected above-—A curious and 
well known inhabitant of wet woodlands, Can. to Car. W. to the Miss. The 
stem is a rugose, fleshy, subterraneous corm giving off radicles in a circle from 
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