610 CLXl. GRAMINEZE. Bromvs. 
—@ A highly important grain, one of the staple productions of the soil; said 
to have been first discovered in the Island of Juan Fernandez. 
B. nigra. Black Oats—Palee dark brown, almost black, awnless, 
y. secunda. ‘Horse~mane Oats.—Panicle 1-sided ; awns short. 
5. A. sTeritis. Animated Oat.— St. 3—4f high, and with the leaves smooth, 
the latter long, acute, flat; spikelets 5-flowered, outer flowers and awns 
hairy, inner flowers awnless.—@) From Barbary. Cultivated as a curiosity. 
The awns are 2’ long, geniculate, and twisted more or less according to the 
state of the atmosphere. Hence the tumbling motion of these spikelets in the 
moist and warm hands, like a grotesque insect. + 
31. DANTHONIA. 
In honor of M. Danthoine, a French botanist. 
Spikelets 2—7-flowered; glumes 2, subequal, longer than the 
flowers, cuspidate; pales: hairy at the base, lower one bidentate at 
hice 9 1 P y ’ 
the apex, with a twisted awn between the teeth, the upper one 
obtuse, entire. 
D. spicata. Palis. (Avena. Linn.) 
“St. slender, nearly erect, 12—18’ high, lowerlvs. numerous, 4—6’ long, flat, 
hairy above, cauline vs. much shorter, subulate, erect,.on very short sheaths ; 
panicle simple, spicate, short, erect; spikelets 3—8 or 10, about 7-flowered ; 
glumes a little longer than the flowers ; lower palea hairy, about half as long as 
its spirally twisted awn.—Pastures and open woods, Free States. June—Aug. 
32. URALEPIS. Nutt. 
Gr. ovpa, tail, \ev¢s a scale or palea; a characteristic term. ; 
Spikelets 2—3-flowered; glumes 2, shorter than the flowers; 
flowers stipitate and distinct; pales 2, very unequal, distinctly 
villous on the margins, the lower one tricuspidate, the central cusp 
setose; upper palea concave on the back; fruit gibbous, coated. 
U. aristuLata. Nutt. 
Cespitose ; sts. procumbent at base, bearded at the nodes, 10—18’ high; 
lvs. subulate, the upper ones shorter than the sheaths, hairy beneath; panicles 
simple, racemose, terminal and lateral, concealed in the sheaths of the leaves, 
the upper one partly exsert; spikelet 3-flowered ; awn of the palea as long as the 
lateral cusps. @ Sea-coast and sandy fields, Mid. States. Aug. 
33. ARUNDO. 
Lat. arundo, a reed ; Celtic aru, water; from its place of growth. 
Spikelets many-flowered ; glumes 2, awnless, lanceolate, unequal ; 
lower flower % and naked at the base, the others perfect, pedicellate ; 
paleze unequal, the lower one mucronate, acuminate or slightly 
awned. 
A. PHRAGMITES. (Phragmites communis. Tyin.) 
St. smooth, stout, erect, 6—12f high, often an inch in diameter at base; 
lvs. lanceolate, 1—2f by 1—2’, rough-edged, smooth and glaucous; panicle large 
and loosely branched, branches in half whorls, rather erect, slender; spikelets 
3—5-flowered, very slender, erect; glwmes shorter than the flowers which are of 
a dark hue, with tufts of white, silky hairs, about as long as the paleze.— 
Swamps and about ponds, Mass. to Ind.!' July. 
Tre 7. FESTUCACEZ.—Inflorescence panicled. Spikelets many-flower- 
ed, oblong. Flowers sessile, closely arranged in 2 rows on the rachis. 
Palez of similar texture with the glumes, the upper one with 2 keels. 
34. BROMUS. 
Gr. Bowpa, food ; this name was formerly applied to a species of wild oats, 
Spikelets 3—20-flowered; glumes 2, shorter than the flowers; 
