vi PREFACE 



regions surrounding the Philippines has been invaluable for pur- 

 poses of direct comparison in the prosecution of our work on the 

 Philippine flora. 



Botanical exploration under the auspices of the Bureau of 

 Science has been confined largely to the Philippines, but members 

 of our staff have prosecuted field work in China (Merrill), Indo- 

 China (Robinson), Borneo (Foxworthy, Ramos), Amboina (Rob- 

 inson), and Guam (McGregor). Large collections have been 

 submitted for identification from various parts of China, For- 

 mosa, Hainan, Indo-China, Burma, Siam, the Malay Peninsula, 

 Sumatra, Java, Borneo, New Guinea, Guam, Samoa, and Tahiti. 



No attempt has been made to cite all the collections and 

 numbers, as this procedure would have added enormously to 

 the extent of the present publication and would have added 

 very little to its value. In general, well-known and widely 

 distributed species are merely enumerated with their synonyms, 

 occurrence, distribution, etc., without the citation of specimens. 

 In critical groups selected representative specimens only are 

 cited. Generally speaking, when only one or two collections 

 are cited under a species these represent the only collections 

 extant. It should be noted that in approximately 1,800 cases 

 Philippine records for individual species are based solely on 

 single collections, while in about 900 additional cases individual 

 species records are based on two collections only. This will 

 give some idea of the great amount of work still remaining 

 to be done before we can hope to have a reasonably complete 

 knowledge of the very rich Philippine flora. Collections cited 

 in parentheses — for example, {Warburg lJf231), (Loher Jf250) — 

 indicate specimens not examined by me during the actual prep- 

 aration of this work, although most of these were seen by me 

 in various European herbaria in 1907 and 1908. 



While most of the identifications on which this enumeration 

 is based have been made by me, in certain groups much of 

 this work in earlier years was done by former botanists con- 

 nected with the Bureau of Science; notably, the late Dr. C. B. 

 Robinson (Myrtaceae, Urticaceae, and certain groups of Euphor- 

 biaceae, especially) and Dr. F. W. Foxworthy (Dipterocarpa- 

 ceae and Taxaceae) . Mr. Oakes Ames has made practically all 

 of the identifications of the Orchidaceae since 1903. Many of 

 the Pandanaceae have been determined by Dr. U. Martelli, while 

 most of the Palmae were identified by the late Dr. 0. Beccari. 

 Many identifications in the Gramineae were made by Dr. E. 

 Hackel, especially previous to 1907 ; while in the Cyperaceae the 

 Bureau of Science has had the benefit of the extensive knowledge 



