CONSPECTUS. 



DICOTYLEDONS OR EXOOENS. 



Spiral vessels present. 



Stem when perennial having pith in centre, surrounded by wood and 



Imrk in concentric layers. 

 Leaves usually with branched and netted venation. 

 Perianth usually of 4 or 5 parts in each whorl, or multiples of those 



numbers. 

 Embryo with two or more cotyledons. 



MONOCOTYLEDONS OR ENDOGENS. 



Spiral vessels present. 



Stem when perennial without separable bark, wood and pith. 



TiCaves with parallel venation, or if netted then the veinlets are 



parallel. 

 Perianth when present of o or i\ parts. 

 Stamens o. or multiples of that number. 

 Embryo with 1 cotyledon. 



ACOTYLEDONS. 



Spiral vessels none, tissue scalariform or entirely cellular. 



Stamens, pistil and ovules none. 



J^ropagation effected by spores, not seeds. 



Spores first producing either a prothallus, or microscopic threads. 



DICOTYLEDONS. 



Ovules in an ovary, seeds in a seed vessel. Angiosperme^:. 



Ovules naked, not in an ovary, usually in axils 



of bracts or scales. Gymnospekme.t:. 



ANGIOSPERME^. 



Sepals usually distinct from each other, inferior. 

 Petals usually distinct from each otlier, hypogynous. 

 Stamens hypogynous, rarel}' on a disk or on 

 base of petals. 



