56 



ORDER LXXX. UMBELLIFBRE^. 



An Order of plants remarkable for the large number of culinary 

 vegetables included in it, such as " Celery " (Apium graveolens), 

 *' Parsley " {Petroselinum sativum), " Caraway " (Carum carui), 

 "Anise" (Pimpinella Anisum), "Fennel" (Fceniculum vulyare), 

 " Samphire " {Critlnnum inaritimwn), " Parsnip " (Pasfinaca oleracea), 

 "Cumin" {Cuminum cy minium), "Carrot" (Daucus carota), "Cori- 

 ander" (Ooriandrum safivum), and a few other less important ones. 

 Amongst the medicinal and poisonous members of the family are the 

 following: — "Hemlock" {Gonium macnlatiim), "Water Hemlock'' 

 (Gicufaria virosa), " Meadow Saffron " {(EnanfJie crncafa), " Lesser 

 Hemlock" or "Fools Parsley" {JEthusia cyvapium), "Angelica" 

 (Angfilica archangelica), "Asafoetida" (Narthex asafcetida), "Gum 

 Ammoniac " {Dorema Ammoniacum), and some others. Though the 

 Order contains many useful plants its members should be used with 

 great caution unless well known, especially the uncultivated species, 

 as many deaths have been caused by their injudicious use. 



Number of species about 1300. 



(Ex. Wild Celery. Parsley.) 



Albumen (as seen in a cross section of the ripe fruit) 



flat or not grooved on its inner face. 1 



Albumen with a longitudinal furrow along its inner face. 9 



1 Umbels simple or imperfect, or flowers capitate. 2 



1 Umbels compound or perfect. 3 



2 Fruit laterally compressed. HYDROOfvrYLE. 



2 Fruit ovate globose, covered with hooked bristles. Saniclla. 



2 Fruit tuberculated. Aleptdea. 



3 Fruit laterally compressed or didymous. 4 



3 Cross section of fruit circular or nearly so, tlie 



carpels slightly compressed at back. 6 



3 Fruit mucli compressed, with a Wing on each side. 8 



4 Carpophore distinct, entire, not 2 parted. Aptum. 



4 Carpophore 2 parted. 5 



5 Fruit ovate. No involucre or involucel. PorprNELLv. 



5 Fruit sub-didymous. Involucre and involucel 



present. Sidm. 



5 Carpels unequal. Leaves 3 lobed or 3 parted. Heteromorpha. 



5 Carpels equahi Leaves entire, linear. Bupleurum. 



6 Vittae under ribs of fruit, none in the furrows. Lichtenstetnia. 



6 Vittae under furrows of fruit. 7 



7 Carpels unequal. Anesorhiza. 



7 Carpels equal, ribs membranous, wing-like. Seltnum. 



8 Margin of fruit broad. Petals emarginate. PEUOEDANU^r. 



9 Fruit ovate, compressed. Leaves 3-4 pinnate. Conium. 



