SCIENTIFIC AND POPULAR. 43 



172. ARBUTUS, L. - Arbutus. - Ericaceae. 



The classical name. Shrubs or trees. About 30 species, 

 chiefly of western Asia andN. America; 3 in U. S. 



a. A. Menziosii Pursh. Pacific coast, U. S. California Madrono 



or Madroiia. See 176 (d). 



b. A. Uiiedo L. Mediterranean region. European Strawberry 



tree, Arbute tree, Arbeset, Apple-of-Cain, Cane- Apple; Ger. 

 Erdbeerbaum; Fr. Arbousier (Codex), Olonier, Frasier en 

 arbre. I\o(jt and leaves astringent. From the berries a spirit 

 is distilled. 



c. A. Xalapeiisis H. B. K. (Arctostaphylos Oxacana DC). 



Mexico and southwestern U. S. Mexican Madrono or Mad- 

 rona. Leaves have the action of Uva Ursi. 



173. ARCTERANTHIS, Greene. Arcteranthis. Ranuiiciilaeeje. 



From Greek, "northern spring-flower"'. One species in U. S. 



174. ARCTIUM, L. - Burdock. - Coinpositie. 



The Greek name, "bearish", i. e. rough. Syn. Lappa, in 

 part. Coarse bienniHl herbs, forming troublesome weeds. 

 About 6 species, Eurojje and Asia; 3 nat. in U. S. 



a. A. Lappa L. (L. major Gaertn. ). Europe and Asia, nat. in 



U. S. and widely elsewhere. Burdock, Great Burdock, Baz- 

 zies, Bachelor's-buttons* Beggar' s-buttons, Billy-Buttons, 

 Bourholm, Clive, Clotbui-^ (Clote-bur, Clit-bur), Cockle-bar* 

 (Cockly-bur, Crocklety-bur, Cuckoldy-bur), Cuckold-dock, 

 Cucklemoors, Cuckoo-button, Harebur, Hurr-bur, Hardock, 

 Hoar-dock, Stick-button, Thistle*, Turkey-bur; Ger. Kletten- 

 wurzel; Fr. Bardane, (Codex) Glouteron; Sp. Bardana. See 

 (b). 



b. A. minus Schk. (Lappa minor DC, A. Eappa var. minus A- 



Gray). Europe and Asia, nat. in U. S. and widely elsewhere- 

 Lesser Burdock, Common Burdock (of U. S. ). Generally con- 

 founded with (a) and called by the same names. Both are in- 

 cluded in A. officinalis Allioni and Lappa vulgaris >.'eilr. 

 Root of both species. Lappa U. S. P., Eadix bardanre, and J'ruit, 

 / Fructus lappje. Semen bardanae; alterative, deobstruent. 



175. ARCTOMECO>\ Torr. Arctomecon. Papaverareae. 



From Greek, "northern Poppy". Herbs. Three species in 

 western U. S. 



17«. ARCTOSTAPHYLOS, Adans. Bear-berry. Ericaceae. 

 From Greek, "bear's grape". Evergreen shrubs or small 

 trees. About 25 species, mostly of western N. America- 21 in 

 U. S. 



a. A. g'laiica Lindl. California. Great-berried Manzanita. Leaves 

 employed like those of (f), as are also those of the Mexican 

 species: (b). A. niiicrocifera DC, (c) A. Polifolia Kunth 

 and (d) A. toiiientosa Dough, the last being known as Mad- 

 rono or Madroiia. See Arbutus (a) and (c). 



