SCIENTIFIC AND POPULAR. 83 



a. C. Carolinifina Walt. (C. Americana Michi. ). Eastern U. S. 

 American Hornbeam, Blue Beech, Water Beech, Iron-wood, 

 Hurst- or Horst- beech. Horse Beech. 



391. CARTHAMUS, L. Safflower. Compositae. 



The Latin name, from Arabic, "pigment". Herbs. Tifvo 

 or more species, Old World. 



a. C. tinctorius L. India, cult, extensively in Europe, Asia and 

 Africa. Safflower, Dyer's Saffron, African Saffron, American 

 or Thistle Saffron, False or Bastard Saffron, Parrot's Corn; Ger. 

 Farbersatlor, Falscher Safran, Deutscher Safran; Fr. Carthame; 

 Sp. Cartamo, Azafrancillo, Alazor. Florets; Flores carthami, 

 Carthamus; diaphoretic, resembling camomile. [The South 

 African Carmendik, used as a stomachic bitter, is from a related 

 plant.] 



392. CARUM, L. Caraway, etc. Umbel liferae. 



The ancient Greek name. Syn. Bulbocastanum, Bunium, 

 in part. Herbs. About 50 species, temperate and warm regions; 

 1 in U. S. See also Apium, Ataenia, Conopodium, Ptychotis. 



a. C. Bulbocdstauuni Koch. (B. LinnaeiSchur. ). Mediterranean 



region. Tubers and leaves esculent. Fruit a condiment. 



b. C. Cariii L. (also written C. Carvi). Northern Asia and 



Europe, adv. in U. S. Caraway, Car vies, Saxifragef. Fruit; 

 Carum, U. S. P., Carui Fructus, Br., Semen carvi; Ger. 

 Kiimmelsamen, Kiimmel, Garbe; Fr. Carui (Codex), Cumin 

 des pres; Sp. Alcaravea; aromatic, carminative, used chiefly as 

 a flavor and condiment. 



c. C. feriilaefolium Bois. (Bunium ferula^folium Desf.). Cyprus 



and Candia. Topana. Tubers edible. 



393. C4RY0CAR, - Guiana Butternut. - Rhizobolaceae. 



From Greek, "head nut", from size of fruit. Syn. Pekea, 

 in part. Trees producing edible nuts. About 10 species, S. 

 America. 



a. C. biityrosiim Willd. (Pekea butyrosaAubl.), Pekea tree and 

 (b) C. niiciferum L., Souari (Suwarrow) tree, both of Guiana, 

 yield oily nuts called South American or Guiana Butternuts. 



394. CARY6tA, L. Toddy Palm, etc. Sabalaceae. 



From Greek, "nut" palm. Tall palms. About 12 species, 

 East Indies and southeast Asia. 



a. C. lireiiS L. Ceylon and India. Ceylon Toddy Palm, Jaggery- 

 Palm, Bastard Sago- Palm. Sap yields palm wine (toddy) 

 and palm sugar (jaggery). Stem yields sago; See Borassus. 



395. CASIMIR6a, La Llave. Zapote. Aurantiaceae. 



Trees. Two known species, tropical N. America. 



a. C. edulis Llav. & Lex. Mexico. Zapote, Fniit edible but 

 soporific. Seeds poisonous. 



