SCIENTIFIC AND POPULAR. 101 



b. C. IntybiiS L. Europe, Asia and nortliern Africa, nat. in 

 U. S., (also cult. ). Chicory, AVild Succory, Blue Daisy, Blue- 

 sailors, Bachelor's-buttons*, Bunk; Ger. Endivie, Cichorie; 

 Fr. Cliicoree sauvage (Codex). Moot; Kad. cichorii; bitter, 

 used as a substitute for coffee. 



495. CICUTA, L Water Hemlock, etc. Uinbelliferae. 



The ancient Latin name. Syn. Cicutaria, in part. Peren- 

 nial herbs. About 8 species, north temperate zone and Mexico; 

 7 in U. S. 



a. C. biilbifera L. Canada and northeastern U. S. Bulb- bearing 



AVater-hemlock. 



b. C. niaoiilata L. (C. virosa var. maculata Coult. & Hose.). 



Ontario and eastern U. S., west to X. Mexico. American 

 Water-hemlock, Musquash-root, Beaver-poison, Childrens-' 

 bane, Death-of-man, Musquash-poison, Poison Plemlock*, Poi- 

 son Snakeweed, Spotted Parsley, Wild Parsnip, Wild Hem- 

 lock (not to be confounded with Conium maculatum q. v.). 

 Properties of (c). 



c. C. virosa L. (Cicutaria aquatica Lam.). Northern Europe 



and Asia. European Water-hemlock, Brook-tongue, Cowbane, 

 Deathin, with many of the synonyms of (b); Ger, Wasser- 

 schierling, Giftwlitherich; Fr. Cigue vireuse; Sp. Cicuta 

 virulenta. Plant, especially the?'Oo^, poisonous; reputed altera- 

 tive and local anodyne. 



496. CIENFUEGOSIA, Cav. 1787. Cienfuegosia. Malvaceae. 

 Syn. Fugosia, Juss. 1789, Cienfuegia, Willd. 1800. Shrubby 



plants with habit of Hibiscus. About 16 species, troj^ical Ame- 

 rica, Africa and Australia; 2 in U. S. 



497. CDIICIFUGA, L. Black Cohosh. Ramiiiculaceae. 



From Latin, "bug-banisher" . Syn. Thalictrodes (1739). 

 Actaea, Macrotys, Botraphis, in part. Tall perennial herbs. 

 About 10 species, N. America, Asia and eastern Europe; 7 in 

 U. S. 



a. C. racemosa (L. ) Nutt. (A. racemosaL., C. serpentarlaPursh. 

 M. actaeoides Raf., B. actaeoides Raf. T. racemosum (). Kze. ). 

 Ontario to Georgia, west to Minnesota and Wisconsin. Black 

 Cohosh, Black Snakeroot, Bugbane, Bugwort, Rattlesnake' 8- 

 root. Rattle-root, Rattle-weed, Rattle-top, Rich-weed, »Squaw- 

 root; Ger. Klapperschlangenwurzel, Schwarze Schlangen- 

 wurzel; Fr. Actee a grappes. Rhizome and roots; Cimicifuga, 

 U. S. P., Rad. cimicifugpe, Rad. actefft, Rad. christophoriause; 

 alterative, antispasmodic, anti-rheumatic, emmenagogue. 



498. CINCHONA, L. (Quinquina, Kinkina). Rnbiaceae. 

 Named for the countess of Chinchon, cured of malarial fever 



by the bark in 1638. Trees. About 50 species, Peru, north to 

 Venezuela, in the Cordilleras. The more valuable species are 

 now cultivated in Java, Inditi and Jamaica. 



