SCIENTIFIC AND POPULAR. 103 



Cinnamomum Cassia, U. S. P., Cortex Cinnamomi, P. G., 

 Cort. cinnamomi cassiae v, chinensis, Cassia cinnamomea, 

 Cinnamomum chinense, Cassia lignea; Cassia bark, Cassia 

 Cinnamon; Ger. Zimmtkassie, Chinesischer Zimmt, Kaneel, 

 Zimrat; Fr. Canelle de China; Sp. Canella; aromatic, carmin- 

 ative, astringent, condiment. Atuong other species yielding 

 Cassia Bark is probably (c) C. Burmamii Blume of Javaand 

 Sumatra. Cassia Bark is the source of the oil of Cinnamon of 

 the U. S. P. 



b. C. Caiiiphora (L. ) T. Nees & Eberm. (Laurus Caraphora L., 

 Camphora officinarum C. Bauhin). Southeastern Asia, Japan, 

 Formosa and cult, elsewhere in tropical countries. Camphor 

 tree, Camphor Laurel. Source of Camphor, a concrete volatile oil 

 (ketone) obtained by sublimation from the wood; Camphcra, 

 U. S. P. ; Ger. Kampfer; Fr. Caraphre; Sp. Alcanfor; nervous 

 sedative, small doses stimulant. 



d. C. ZeyMnicum Xees. (Kew) (L. Cassia Burm. J7G8, L. Cinna- 



jT;omum L., probably the oldest name but possibly applied to a 

 different plant). Ceylon, Borneo and Cochin China. Bark; 

 Cinnamomum Zsylanicum, U. S. P., Cinnamomi Cortex, 

 Br., Cort. cinnamomi zeylanici, Cinnamomum acutum v. 

 verum; Ceylon Cinnamon, True Cinnamon, Cinnamon bark; 

 Ger. Zeylonzimmt, Feiner Zimmt, Echter Zimmt; Fr. Canelle 

 de Ceylan (Codex). Properties of (b), but flavor much 

 superior. Source of the oil of Cinnamon of the British and 

 French Pharmacopoeias. 



e. C. Culil.al)aii (L. ) Lyons, Blume (Laurus Culilaban L., C. Culi- 



lawan Blume, C. Culitlawan Nees. ). Moluccas. Culilawan 

 Bark, Clove Bark. Bark aromatic, clove-like in flavor. 



f. C. Loureirii Nees. (Laurus Cinnamomum Lour, not L. ), Cochin 



China. The unripe fruits o? this and other species are Clavelli 

 cassiae v. cinnamomi, Flores cassiae; Cassia Buds; Ger. 

 Zimmtbliithen, Kaneelbliithen, Zimmtnagelchen. Properties 

 of(b). 



g. C. Tamala Nees (Laurus Tamala Buch. L. Cassia Eoxb. ). In- 



dia. Yields a coarse kind of Cassia bark, Cortex malabathri. 

 From this and other species are obtained Cassia leaves, Folia 

 malabathri, not now much used. Properties of (b). 



h. C. sp. indet. Annam. Bark; Cinnamomum Saigonicum, 

 U. S. P., Cortex cinnamomi saigonici; Saigon Cinnamon; Ger. 

 Saigonzimmt; Fr. Canelle de Saigon. Properties of (b) but 

 generally richer in essential oil and therefore preferable. 



601. CIRCAEA, L. Enchanter's Nightshade. Onagraceae. 



Named after Circe, the enchantress. Perennial herbs. 

 About 5 species, northern hemisphere; 3 in U. S. 



a. C. Lutetidna L. Canada to Cieorgia, west to Missouri. Com- 

 mon Enchanter's Nightshade, Bindweed Nightshade, Wild 

 Mandrake, 



