SCIENTIFIC AND POPULAR. 115 



fancyt, Valleys; Ger. Maiblume, Maiglocken; Fr. Muguet (Co- 

 dex ) ; Sp. Liris de los valles. Rhizome and rootlets; Convallaria, 

 U. S. P. ; cardiac tonic, like Digitalis. Fioxms and leaves are 

 also used. 



068. CONVOLYULUS, L. Bind-weed. Coiivolvulaceae. 



From Latin, "twining". Syn. (.'alystegia, Volvulus, in part. 

 Trailing or twining vines. About 175 species, widely distribut- 

 ed; 16 in U. S., including naturalized species. 



a. C. arvensis L. Europe and Asia, nat. in U. S. Small Bind- 



weed, Bear-bind, Pledge-bells, Bell-bind, Corn-lily, Corn-bind, 

 Lap-love, Sheep-blue, Wind, With-wind. 



b. C. Scamnionium L. (Calystegia Scaramonia Pritz. ). South- 



ern Europe and the Levant. Scamniony plant. Root; Scam- 

 monise radix, Br. 7>te(/ /a/cx; Scammonium, U. S. P., Br.; 

 Gummi-resina Scamuionium, Diagrydium; Scammony; Ger. 

 Scammonium, Scamraon; Fr. Scammonee d'Alep (Codex). 

 Cathartic, hydragogue. [The best quality is called virgin 

 scammony. The Aleppo is considered better than the Smyrna 

 scammony] . 



c. C. Sepiiim L. [Cal. Sepium R. Br. (Kew)]. Europe, Asia 



and X. America, south to N. Carolina and Utah. Hedge 

 Bindweed, Bracted or Great Bindweed, Bell-bind, Greater Bear- 

 bind, Creeper, Hedge-bells, Hedge-lily, Lily-bind, Ladies' - 

 nightcap, Rutland-beauty, Woodbind, Woodbine*, German 

 Scammonyf. 



d. C. spitliamaeus L. (Cal. spithamsea Paeste (Kew), V. spith- 



amseus Kze. ). British America and eastern U. S. Upright 

 Bindweed, Dwarf Morning-glory, Bracted Bindweed. 



564. COOPERIA, Herb. Prairie Lily. Amaryllidaeeae. 



Named for Daniel Cooper of London, d. 1842. Scapose 

 herbs from bulbs. Two species, southern U. S. and Mexico. 



565. COPAIVA, Jacq. 1760. Copaiba. Caesalpiiiaceae. 



From vernacular name. Syn. Copaiba, Adans. 1763, (Mill. 

 l_73y), Copaifera, L. 1762. Trees or shrubs. About 12 spe- 

 cies, tropical S. America and Africa. 



a. C. Langsdorfli (Desf.) O. Kze. (Copaifera Langsdorfii Desf. ). 

 Brazil. Oleoresin from this and other species, Ccpaiba, 

 U. S. P., Br., Balsamum Copaivse, P. G., Balsam of Copaiba 

 (Copaiva, Capivi); Ger. Copaivabalsam; Fr.-Copalm (Codex), 

 Baume de Copalm; Sp. Balsamo di Copaive. Antiseptic, 

 -diuretic, balsamic. 



Other species yielding balsam of Copaiba are(b) C. coridcea 

 (Mart.) Lyons (Copaifera coriacea Mart.), Brazil; (c) 

 C. Gniauensis (Desf. ) Lyons (Copaifera Guianensis Desf.), 

 Guiana to Brazil; (d) C. offlciiidlis (L.) Lyons (Copaifera 

 officinalis L., C. Jacquini Desf.), Venezuela, New Grenada 

 and VV. Indies. 



566. COFERNICIA, Mart. 1837. Wax Palm. Sabalaceae. 



Named in honor of Copernicus. Syn. Chrysophylla, Blume 



