SCIENTIFIC AND POPULAR. 151 



783. ERYTHRAEA, Neck. Centaury. Gentianaceae. 



From Greek, ''red", the color of the flowers in some species. 

 Syn. Gentiana. Cicendia, Schultesia, in part. Bitter herbs. 

 About 50 species; 10 indig. in U. S., mostly in the west. - 



a. E. Ceniaiiriiim (L. )Pers. (G. Centaurium L. ). Europe, adv. 



in U. S. Lesser Centaury, European Centaury (Sanctuary:}:), 

 Bitter-herb, Bloodwort, Christ' s-ladder, Feltrike, Feverfew*, 

 Earth-gall, Mountain Flax; Ger. Tausendguldenkraut, Bother 

 Aurin; Fr. Petite Centauree (Codex); Sp. Centaura menor. 

 Herb; H. centaurii (minoris); bitter tonic. 



b. E. Cliileiisis Pers., (c) E. stncta Schlecht, (d) E. Joriillensis 



Kunth [S. stenophylla Mart. (Kew)] and perhaps other species 

 of S. America and Mexico are called Canchalagua; properties 

 of (a). 



784. ERYTHRINA, L. Coral tree. Papilionaceae. 



From Greek, "red" the color of the seeds. Trees or shrubs 

 with showy crimson or scarlet blossoms and red seeds. About 

 45 species, tropical or sub-tropical; 2 in U. S. 



a. E. Corallodendroii L. Brazil. Coral-tree. Bark anodyne, 



expectorant. Leaves diuretic, laxative. 



b. E. Muliingu Mart. Brazil. Bark hypnotic, anodyne. 



785. ERYTHR6nIUM, L. Adder' s-tongue, etc. Liliaeeae. 

 Greek name of a plant having ''red" flowei-s. Two-leaved 



herbs from a corm. About 14 species, mostly of IST. America; 

 13 in U. S. 



a. E. albidiim Nutt. Ontario to Tennessee and Texas. "White 



Adder' s-tongue. Spring Lily. To this and other species are 

 applied many of the synonyms under (b). 



b. E. Amerioanum Ker. (E. angustatum Raf., E. bracteatum 



Bigel. ). Canada and eastern U, S. Yellow or Common Ad- 

 der's-tongue, Adder' s-leaf, Adder's Violet, Dog's-tooth Violet, 

 Deer s-tongue, Lamb' s-tongue, Battlesnake's Violet, Scrofula- 

 root, Trout Lily, Trout-flower, Yellow-bells, Yellow Lily, 

 Yellow Snake-leaf, Yellow'Snowdrop. Plant reputed altera- 

 tive, emetic. 



786. ERYTHROPHLOELM, Afzel. Sassy-bark. Mimosaceae. 



Syn. Fillaea, in part. Trees. About 5 species, tropical 

 Africa, Asia and Australia. 



a. E. Giiineense Don. (E. ordale Bolle, E. judiciale Procter, F. 

 . suaveolens Guil. et Perrot. ). Central and west Africa. Red 

 Water-tree. Bark, Sass}'-bark, Saucy-bark, Mancona-bark; 

 Ger. Manconarinde; Fr. Ecorce de Mangone. Li^sed in Africa 

 as an ordeal- and arrow-poison; narcotic, emeto-cathartic, dia- 

 phoretic, febrifuge. 



787. ERYTHr6xYL0N, L. Coca. Erythroxylaceae. 



From Greek, "red wood". Shrubs and trees. • About 70 

 species, tropical America, a few in Africa and Asia. 



