162 PLANT NAMES AND SYNONYMS 



831. FICLS, Touin. - - Fig. - - Moraceae. 



The ancient Latin name, probably from Hebrew, '^feg". Syn. 

 Urostigma, in part. Trees or shrubs. About 650 species, warm 

 and tropical regions; 3 in U. S. 



a. F. Carica L. Western Asia, cult, in all sub-tropical and trop- 



ical countries. Fig tree; Ger. Feigenbaum; Fr. Figuier. The 

 dried fruit (more correctly the fleshy receptacle with included 

 fruits), Ficus, U. S. P., Br. • Fructus caricse, Carica?, Ficus 

 passa; Fici; Ger. Feigen; Fr. Figue (Codex); Sp. Higo. The 

 Turkey or JSmyrna figs (caricnj pingues) are much larger than 

 the Greek or Dalmatian figs (caricse minores); esculent, laxa- 

 tive, used for cataplasms, formerly roasted as a substitute for 

 coffee. 



b. F. elastica Roxb. (Urostigma elastica Miq. ). East Indies, a 



common shade tree in tropical countries. India-rubber tree. 

 The india rubber of commerce is, however, derived chiefly from 

 other trees. See Hevea, Manihot, Castilloa and Urceola. 



c. F. iudica L. India. Banyan tree Indian Fig. (The Banyan 



of Lord Howe's Island, which exceeds this in size, is (d) F. 

 coliimnaris, Moore & Muell. ) 



e. F. religiosa L. India. Sacred Fig. Pipul tree (Pipal, Pippul, 

 Peepul), Bo tree. One of many trees yielding lac; (f) F. 

 Benghalensis L. and (g) F. Tsjela Hamilton, as well as F. 

 Indica (above), also produce lac. See Croton (a). 



h. F. pedunculata Willd. West Indies to Florida. Jamaica 

 Cherry. 



i. F. Sycamoriis L, Mediterranean region. Sycamore tree, Phara- 

 oh's Fig, the Fig tree of Scripture. Fruit esculent. 



832. FILAGO, L. Filago, Everlasting. Conipositae. 



From Latin, filura, a "thread". Syn. Evax, Diaperia, in 

 part. White-woolly annuals. About 12 species. New and 

 Old World; 4 in L^. S. ^ (In Heller's catalogue the species are 

 referred to Evax. ) See Gifola. 



883. FILIPENDULA, L. Filipendula. Rosaceae. 



Syn. Spiraea, in part. Suflfrutescent plants, north temperate 

 zone; 2 in U. S. Syn. FillyfindillanJ, Lady' s-rufiles. 



834. FLAYERIA, Juss. Flaveria. Compositae. 



From Latin Jktvus, "yellow". Syn. Milleria, in part. 



Herbs with small densely clustered heads. About 7 species, 

 warmer regions of America, 4 in \J. S. 



8S5. FLINDERSIA, P. Br. Leopard tree. Melfaceae. 



Syn. Elaeodendronf, in part. Trees or shrubs. About 12 

 species, Australia to New Caledonia. 



a. F. maculosa ( Lind. ) F. von Muell. (E. maculosum Lind. ). 

 Australia Leopard-tree, Spotted-tree. Gummy exudate resem- 

 bles Acacia and is used in a similar wav. 



