SCIENTIFIC AND POPULAR. 177 



912. GOSSYPIUM, L - Cotton. - Malvaceae, 



Ancient Latin name, of eastern origin. Shrubs or small 



trees. About 15 species, warmer regions of Old and New 

 World; 2 cult, in U. S. 



a. G, arboreiim L. India to Arabia. Cotton tree, New Orleans 



Cotton. (G. sanguineum Hassk. of Java is referred by Mueller 

 to this species, which does not in fact form a real tree. ) 



b. €r. Barbadense L. (Includes according to Bentley and Trimen 



G. vitifolium Lam., G. Peruvianum Cay., G. punctatum Schum. 

 & Thou., G. acuminatum Roxb. and G. religiosum Parlatore, 

 not L. ). Tropical America, cult, in southern U. S. Yields 

 the Sea Island cotton. 



c. Cr. herb^ceum L. India, much cult, in tropical Asia and south- 



ern Europe. Regarded by Seeman as a variety of (a). Com- 

 mon Cotton of the Old World. Nankin Cotton is a variety 

 with tawny fibre. Bark of the root of this and of other species; 

 Cossypii radicis cortex, U. S. P., Cotton-root bark; Ger. 

 Baumwollwurzelrinde; Fr. i^corce de la racine de cotonier; 

 emmenagogue, parturifacient. Seeds of the various species, 

 Semina gossypii, Sem. bombacis, source of cotton-seed oil, 

 Oleum gosjypii semins, U. S. P. Hairs investing the seeds 

 constitute Cotton; Gossj'pium Br. (Goss}^ium puriticatum, 

 U. S. P.), Bombyx, Pili (Lana s. Lanugo) gossypii, Lana 

 gossypina; Fr. Coton (Codex); used for dressing wounds, etc., 

 as well as for textile fabrics. _ 



d. (t, hirsiitum L. [G. herbaceum L. (Kew)]. Tropical America, 



cult, in U. S. Yields the Upland or Short-staple cotton. 



e. G. religiosum L. (G. herbaceum L. (Kew), G. Peruvianum 



Cav. ). TmpicalS. America. Source of the Peruvian and 

 Brazilian long-staple cotton, called also Kidney cotton. The 

 plant forms a small tree. 



913. GOUASIA, Jacq. (Gouana). Chew-stick. Rhamnaceae. 



CUmbing or difilise shrubs. About 50 species, tropical re- 

 gions, especially of New AVorld; 1 in U. S. 



a. G. Doiningensis L. West Indies and Brazil. Chew-stick, 

 Chaw-stick. Wood stomachic, tonic, used for cleansing the 

 teeth. ^arA- aromatic, tonic. 



914. GRATIOLA, L. Hedge Hyssop. Scrophiilariaceae. 



From ancient name gratia Dei of (a). Hairy perennisj 

 herbs. About 25 species, temperate and warm regions; 13 in 

 U. S. 



a. G. officinalis L. Europe. Hedge Hyssop, Herb-of-grace 

 (Gratia Dei); Ger. Gnadenkraut, Gottesgnadenkraut, Wildau- 

 rin; Fr. Gratiole (Codex); Sp. Graciola. Flowering herb, H. 

 gratiol*, also root, drastic cathartic, anthelmintic. The closely 

 related (b) G. \irginiana L. (G. officinalis Michx. not L., G. 

 Carolinensis Pers. ), of British America and U. S., is called Wa- 

 ter Jes amine; (c) G. aurea Muhl., of Canada and eastern 

 U. S., Golden Hedge-Hyssop, is called also Goldenpert. 



