SCIENTIFIC AND POPULAR. 181 



^37. GYROTHECA, Salisb. 1812. Eed-root. Haemodoraceae. 



From Greek, "round fruit" . Syn. Lachnanthus, Ell. 1816. 

 Perennial herb with red fibrous roots. One species, U. S. and 

 West Indies. 



a. G. capitata (Walt.) Morong (Anonymos capitata Walt., L. 

 tinctoria Ell (Kew), G. tinotoria Salisb.). Swamps. Mas- 

 sachusetts to Florida and Cuba. Red-root, Indian or Carolina 

 Eed-root, Indian Paint-root, Spirit-weed, Wool-flower. 



^38. HABENARIA, Willd. Orchis*. Orchidaceae. 



From Latin habena, a'^rein" or"strap". Syn. Gymnadenia, 

 Platanthera, Orchis, in part. Terrestrial orchids. About 400 

 species; 37 in U. S. 



a. H. conopsea Benth. (G. conopsea E. Br.), and (b) H, bifolia 

 E. Br. ( P. bifolia Eeich. ) of Europe are among the orchids 

 yielding salep, the palmately divided tubers of (a) called Ead. 

 palmse-Christi; demulcent, nutrient. See Orchis. 



Showy indigenous species are (c) H. ciliaris (L. ) E. Br., 

 Yellow Fringed-orchis; (d) H. graiidiflora (Bigel. ) Torr. 

 (H. fimbriata (Wild.) A. Gray), Purple Fringed-orchis, 

 Large or Early Purple Fringed-orchis, Tattered-fringe, Meadow 

 Pink; (e) H. leiicophaea (Nutt. ) A. Gray, Prairie White or 

 Greenish Fringed-orchis; (f) H. peramoena A. Gray, Fringe- 

 less or Great Purple-orchis; (g) H, psychodes (L.) A. Gray 

 (O. fimbriata Ait. not Willd. ), Smaller Purple Fringed-orchis, 

 Pink Fringed-orchis, Flaming Orchis, Soldier' s-plume. Incon- 

 spicuous species are (h) H. orbiciilata (Pursh ) Torr., called 

 Heal-all* and (i) H. bracteata (Willd.) E. Br., Long-bract- 

 ed Orchis or Vegetable Satyr. 



«39. HAEMANTHUS, L. Blood-flower. Amaryllidaceae. 



From Greek, "blood flower". Scapose bulbous plants. 

 About 30 species, Africa; called also African Tulip. 



a. H. coccineiis L. (H. coarctatus Jacq., H. latifolius Salisb.). 

 vSouthern Africa. Cape Tulip, Salmon-leaved Blood-flower. 

 Bulb diuretic, antispasmodic. 



«40. HAEMAT6xYL0N, L. (Haematoxylum). Caesalpinaceae. 



From Greek, "blood wood". Trees of medium size. One 

 or two species, tropical America. 



a. H. Campechianiim L. Central America, nat. in West Indies. 

 Logwood tree. Henrt-ivood; Logwood, Block- wood, Cam- 

 peachy- wood: Ha30matxylon, U. S. P.,Hsematoxyli lignum,Br., 

 Lignum campechianura v. cceruleum; Ger. Campescheholz, 

 Campecheholz; Blauholz; Fr. Boisde Campeche, Bois d'Inde 

 (Codex), Bois de sing; Sp. Palo de Campeche; astringent, 

 antiseptic; a valuable dyeing material. 



941. HAGENIA, J. F. Gmel. 1791. Cusso. Rosaceae. 



Named for K. Gottfried Hagen. Syn. Bankesia, Bruce, 1790, 



not Banksia, Forst. 1776; Brayera, Kunth 1824. A dioecious 

 tree with pinnate leaves. 



