SCIENTIFIC AND POPL'LAR. 207 



1091. JATROPHA, L. Spurge Nettle, etc. Eiiphorbiacfae. 



From Greek, "healing nutriment". Prickly herbs or shrubs. 

 About 70 specins, warmer regi(ms especially of New World; 8 

 in U. S. (a) J. stiiniilosa Michx. (J. urens, var. stimulosa 

 Muell. ), Virginia to Florida and Texas, is called Spurge Nettle, 

 Sand Nettle, Stinging-bu^h, Tread-softly. 



1092. JAUMEA, Pers. 1807. Jaumea. Compositae. 



Named for I. H. Jaume St. Hilaire, French botanisr. Syn. 

 Kleinia, Juss. 1803, not L. ; Coinogyne, in part. Herbs or sub- 

 shrubs. About 5 species, chiefly of S. America; 1 in California. 



1093. JEFFERS6nIA, Bart. Twin-leaf. Berberidaceae. 



Named in honor of Thomas Jefferson, the statesman. Syn. 

 Podophyllum, in part. Perennial herbs with solitary white 

 flowers. Two species, one in Alantchuria; 1 in U. S. 



a. J, diphjlla (L. ) Pers. (P. diphyllum L., J. binata Bart. 

 (Kew), J. Bartonis Michx, ). Ontario to Virginia and 

 west to Wisconsin. Twin-leaf, Rheumatism root, Helm t-pod, 

 Ground-squirrel Pea, Yellow-root. Pvoot diuretic, alterative, 

 anti-arthritic. 



1094. JEPSONIA, Small. Jepsonia. Saxifragaceae. 



Two species in U. S. 



1095. JOANNESIA, Veil. Anda Assu. Euphorbiaceae. 



Syn. Anda, Juss., Andicus, Veil. Tree. One species, Brazil. 



a. J. princeps Veil. ( Anda Braziliensis Raddi, A. Gornesii Juss., 

 Andicus pentaphyllus Veil.). Brazil. Anda Assu. Seeds, 

 Semina (Nuces) anda3;Ger. Ararafriichte, Andaniisse; actively 

 cathartic; yield an oil resembling castor oil. 



1096. JtGLANS, L. - Walnut . Jiiglandaceae. 



Latin name, the "nut of Jove". Trees with pinnate leaves 

 and edible nuts. About 10 species, north temperate zone and 

 S. America; 5 in U. S. 



a. J. cinerea L. (J. catharticaMichx., J. oblongaMill. ). Canada 



to Georgia, west to Arkansas and N. Dakota. Butternut, 

 White or Lemon Walnut, Oil-nut. Bark of root; Juglans, 

 U. S. P., Butternut bark; Ger. Graue Wallnussrinde; Fr. 

 Ecorce de noyer gris; Sp. Nogal; cathartic, cholagogue. Seeds 

 rich in oil. 



b. J. nigra L. Ontario and eastern U. S. Black Walnut. Seeds 



yield oil; twood valuable; (c) J, Californica Wats., California, 

 is the California Black Walnut. 



d. J. r^gia L. Europe and Asia, cult, in U.S. English Walnut, 

 European or French Walnut, Bennut, Welsh-nut, French-nut, 

 Madeira-nut (a thin shelled variety); Xux regia, Nux persica, 

 Nux euboea; Fr. Noyer commun (Codf-x). Rind of fruit, al- 

 terative, anthelmintic. Leaves, Folia juglandis, P. G., astrin- 

 gent, alterative. Kernels yield walnut oil. Immature fruit 

 pickled. 



