SCIENTIFIC AND POPULAR. 237 



1263. MAIRASIA, Xeck. 1790. Alpine Bearberry. Ericaceae. 

 Syn. Arctous, Niedenzu 1890; Arctostaphylos (Kew), Arbutus, 



in part. A low deciduous shrub. One species, north polar 

 zone to U. S. 



1264. MALACHRA, L. AVild Okra, etc. Malvaceae. 

 Hairy herbs. About 20 species, warmer regions of Old 



World; 2 nat. in U. S. 



1265. MALACOTHRIX, DC. Malacothrix. Cichoriaceae. 



From Greek, "soft hair", alluding to the pappus. Syn. 

 Leptoseris, in part. Herbs with yellow, rarely white, flowers. 

 About 15 species, southwestern U. S. 



1266. MALAPOESNA, Adans. 1763. Pond-spice, etc.Lauraceae. 



From vernacular, Malabar. Syn. Litsea (Kew), Lam. 1789, 

 Sebifera, Lour. 1790, Tetranthera, Jacq. 1797; Laurus, in part. 

 Trees or shrubs. About 100 species, warmer regions, especially 

 of Old World; 1 in U. S. 



a. M. geniculata (Walt.) Coult. (Laurus geniculata Walt., Litsea 

 geniculata Mez. (Kew), T. geniculata Nees. ). Virginia to 

 Florida. Pond-spice. 



1267. MALLOTUS, Lour. 1790. Kamila, etc. Eiiphorbiaceae. 



From Greek, "woolly"'. Syn. Eottlei-a, Roxb. 1798; Echi- 

 nus, Croton, in part. Trees or shrubs. About 70 species, 

 warmer regions of Old World. 



a. M. Philippinensis (Lam. ) Muell. Arg. (C. Philippinense Lam., 

 E. Philippinensis Baill., R. tinctoria Roxb.). Abyssinia to 

 India and Australia. Kamila tree, Monkey-face tree, Spoon- 

 wood. Glands and hairs from the capsules, Kamila, Kamala 

 (Kamela, Kameela, Kaimaile, Kanbil), Wurrus (Wurus, 

 Waras); Kamala, U. S. P., Rottlera, U. S. P. 1870; Glan- 

 dulse rottlerae; twnicide, used also as an orange dye. 



1268. MALPIOHIA, L. Barbados Cherry, etc. Malpigrbiaceae. 



Named for Marcello Malpighi, Italian physiologist, d.l694. 

 Trees or shrubs, some with stinging haii*s. About 20 species, 

 tropical America; 1 in U. S. Several species produce edible 

 fruits, notably (a) M. glabra L., Surinam Cherry; (b) M. 

 punicifolia L., Barbados Cherry; (c) M. lirens L., Cowhage 

 Cherry. 



1269. MALUS, Juss. Apple, Crab-tree. Pouiaceae. 

 The classical name. Syn. Pyrus, (Pirus) in part. Trees 



with showy white or pink blossoms. About 15 species, north 

 temperate zone; 6 in U. S. 



a. M. Mains (L. ) Britton (P. Mains L., M. communis Poir., M. 

 paradisaica Medic, M. domestica Baumg. ). Western Asia, 

 now widely cult, in numerous named varieties. Probably de- 

 rived from several wild species. Apple tree. Seedling trees are 

 known as Crab-stock, Scarb-tree, Wilding tree or Nurse-garden. 

 Bark tonic, febrifuge. Fruit esculent. The cultivated Crab- 

 apple is ( b ) M. baccata ( L. ) Lyons ( P. baccata L. ) or some 

 hybrid of this with (a). 



