SCIENTIFIC AND POPULAR. 267 



b. 0. Tiina (L.) Mill. (C. TunaL. ). West Indies and tropical 

 America. Prickly Pear. (It is the fruit of this species more 

 particularly that is known as Prickly Pear or Indian Fig; Ger. 

 Indische Feige, Spanierfeige; Fr. Figue de Barbaric). Fruit 

 esculent, yields a red dye. This species is more particularly 

 the food plant of the cochineal insect, which also thrives, how- 

 ever, on Nopalea cochenillifer (q. v.) as also on (c) O. Ficus- 

 Indica Mill, of Central America; (d) 0. Hemaiidezii DC. of 

 Mexico and less commonly on (a). 



1450. ORCHIS, L. - Orchis. - Orchidaceae. 



Ancient Greek name. Terrestrial orchids, some highly 

 ornamental. About 80 species, north temperate zone; 2 in U. S. 



a. 0. latifolia L, Europe, Marsh Orchis. The branching tubers 

 of this species, of (b) 0. maculata L. and of (c) N. sambu- 

 ciua L., constitute the variety of salep formerly known as 

 Radix palmae-Christi. See Habenaria and Cunopsea. 



d. 0. iiiasculaL. Europe. Male Orchis, Adam-and- Eve, Bloody- 

 butcher, Dead-men' s-tingers (Shakespere), Crake-feet, Cuckoo 

 Orchis, Drake' s-feet, Gandergoose, Gethsemane, Red-granfer- 

 gregors, Gramfer-greygles, Greycles, Kettle-case, Man-Orchis, 

 Long-purples, Red-butcher, Skeatlegs, Soldier' s-jacket, Spree- 

 spinkle, Standerwort. Tubers constitute the official Salep, 

 Tubera Salep P. G. , Radix salep; Fr. Salep (Codex); demul- 

 cent, nutrient. Salep (simple tubers) is obtained also from (e) 

 0. Mono L., and (f) 0, iistulata L. See also Anacamptis, 

 Eulophia and Platanthera. 



g. 0. spectabiliS L. Canada to Georgia, west to Nebraska. 

 Showy Orchis; Gay, Purple or Spring Orchis, Preacher-in-the- 

 pulpit. 



1461. OREASTRUM, Greene. Mountain Aster. Compositae. 



From Greek, "Mountain Aster". Syn. Aster, in part. 

 Herbs resembling Aster. Three species in U. S. 



1452. 0RE0BR6mA, Howell. Oreobroma. Portulacaceae. 



From Greek, "mountain food". Syn. Calandrina, Lewisia, 

 Talinum, in part. Herbs. Ten species in western U. S. 



1453. OREOCARYA, Greene. White Forget-me-not. Boraginacpae. 

 From Greek, "mountain nut". Syn. Eritrichium, Krynitzkia, 

 in part. Hairy herbs. About 16 species, all of \J. S., mostly 

 southern, extending into Mexico 



1454. OREODAX, Willd. (Oreodoxa)RoyalPalm,etc.Sabalaceae. 

 From Greek, "mountain glory" , Syn. Areca, Oenocarpus, 



in part. Tall palms with smooth trunk. About 6 species, 

 tropical America; 1 in Florida, 



a. 0. oleracea (Jacq. ) Mart. (A. oleracea Jacq.). West Indies. 



Cabbage Palm, ^ud (cabbage) esculent. Pithy wood yields 

 Sago. 



b. 0. r^gia H. B. K. (Oe. regius Spreng. ). Tropical America to 



Florida. Royal Palm. The foregoing are among the most 

 stately and ornamental of all palms. 



