SCIENTIFIC AND POPILAR. 273 



b. P. officinalis L. Southern Europe, cult, in gardens. Peony 

 (Piany, Pianet, Piney),Chesse8t, Naupie, Sheep-shearing Eose; 

 Ger. Gichtrose, Pfingstrose; Fr. Pivoine officinale (Codex); Sp. 

 Peonia. Root antispasmodic. The Chinese Peony of gardens 

 (White or Fragrant Peony) is (c) P. albillora Pall. 



1489. PALAFOXIA, Lag. Palafoxia. Compositae. 



Named for Jose Palafox, noted Spanish general. Herbs, 



some shrubby, with purple or white flowers. About 4 species^ 

 N. America; 2 in southwestern U. S. 



1490. PALAQUIUM, Blanco 1837. Gutta-percha tree. Sapotaceae. 



Syn. Dichopsis, Thw. 1864; Isonandra, in part. Trees with 

 milky sap. About 30 species, East Indies. 



a. P. Giitta (Hook f.) Burck. (I. Gutta Hook, f., D. Gutta B. & 

 H. ). East Indies. Taban or Gutta-taban tree. Concrete exud- 

 ate, Gutta percha,Gummiplasticum, Gummigettania; Ger. Fr. 

 Gutta-percha (Codex); used for splints, etc. 



1491. PALILRLS, Juss. Christ's Thorn. Rhamuaceae. 



The ancient Greek name. Syn. Zizyphus, in part. Thorny 

 shrubs. Two species, Mediterranean region and Asia. 



a. P. aculeatus Lamb. (P. Spina-Christi Mill., P. vulgaris Steud., 

 Z. Spina-Christi Georgi, Z. Paliurus Willd.). Southern 

 Europe to India. Christ's Thorn, Christ-thorn; Fr. Porte- 

 chapeau. Seeds yield a dye. Perhaps the plant from which 

 the "crown of thorns" was plaited. 



1492. PALMERELLA, Gray. Palmerella. Lobeliaceae. 



Named for the discoverer. Dr. Edward Palmer. Herbs. Two 

 species, southwestern U. S. 



1493. PANAX, L.( Panacea). Ginseng. Araliaceae. 



Ancient Greek plant-name, "all healing^". Syn. Aralia, 

 Ginseng, in part. Perennial herbs from thickened roots.' 

 About 10 species, North America and Asia; 2 in U. S. 



tic, esteemed by the Chinese almost a panacea, especially as 

 an aphrodisiac. 



b. P. quinqiiefoliiis L. (G. quinquefolium Wood, A. quinquefolia 



Dec. & Planch. (Kew), P. Ginseng C. A. Meyer, not Nees.,P. 

 Ninsi Thunb. not L.). Quebec to Alabama, west to Nebraska. 

 Ginseng, American Ginseng, Jinshang (U. S. ), Ninsin* Sang, 

 Red-berry, Five-fingers, Garentoquen (Iroquois), Grantogen- 

 Ger. Amerikanische Kraftwurzel, Schinseng, Fr. Ginseng. 

 Root aromatic, stimulant. 



c. P. trifoliiis L. (A. trifolia Dec. & Planch. (Kew), G. trifolium 



Wood.). Canada and eastern LI. S. Dwarf Ginseng, Dwarf 

 Ground-nut. 



1494. PANCRATIUM, L. Sea Dafl^odil, etc. Amaryllidaceae. 



From Greek, all powerful". Bulbous herbs. About 12 spe- 

 cies, Mediterranean region. 



