} 



280 PLANT NAMF^S AND SYNONYMS 



a, P. fucita L. (P, furcata Mur.. P. fnscata Aiict, not Poir., 

 P. Sarci>calla L.) and (b^ P. iniicroiiata L. of central and 

 southern Africa, are the reputed although improbable source of 

 the exudate, Sarcocolla, Sarcocol, Anzeroot (Arabia), Gujara 

 (Hindustan) ; ixer. Fleischleinigummi, Fischleimgumnii; Fr. 

 Sarcocolle; reputed detergent, discutient, depilatory. 



1531. PESXISETUM, Pei-s. Egyptian Millet. Gramineae. 

 From Latin, "feather bristle". Syn. Panicum, Penicillaria, 

 in part. About 40 species, warmer regions. 



a. P. thyphoideuin Rich. (Pan. co?ruleum Mill., Penic. spicata 

 Willd. ). Egypt to India, cult, in southern U. S. Egyptian or 

 East Indian Millet, Cat-tailor Pearl Millet, Bajree (India), 

 Egyptian Wheat. One of the principal cereals of India. In 

 China (b) P, eereale Trin. is cultivated likewise. 



16S2. PENTACAENA, Bartling. Pentac«ena. Caryopliyllaceae. 



From Greek, "Five thorns". Tufted perennials with pun- 

 gent subulate leaves. About 4 species, New World; 1 in south- 

 western U. S. 



1533. PEXTACHAETA, Nutt. Pentachaeta. Compositae. 



From Greek, "F'ive awned". Low venial annuals. About 6 

 species, southwestern U. S. 



1534. PENTHORUM, L. Ditch Stonecrop. Crassulaeeae. 



From Greek, "tive" and "rule", thepartsof the tlower being 

 all in fives. Perennial herbs with flowei-s in secund cymes. 

 Three known species, Asia and N. America; 1 in U. S. 



a, P. sedoides L. Canada and eastern U. S. Virginia Stone- 

 crop, Ditch Stonecrop. Herb astringent. 



1535. PENTODOX, Hochst. Pentodon. Rnbiaeeae. 

 From Greek, "five toothed". Syn. Oldenlandia, in part. 



Tender annuals. Two species, one in Africa, one in southeast- 

 em U. S. to Cuba. 



1636. PENTSTEMON, Soland. Beard-tongue. Scrophnlariaceae, 



From Greek, "five stamens", the flowere having a fifth rudi- 

 mentary stamen. Syn. Penstemon, Pentastemon. Peretmial 

 herbs with showy flowers. About 110 species, North America; 

 107 in U. S., mostly southweateni. 



1537. PEPER6mIA, Ruiz. & Pav. Peperomia. Piperaceae. 



From Greek, "pepper like". Fleshy herbs, some shrubby. 

 About 400 species, warmer regions especiallv of New World; 2 

 in U. S. 



1538. PERAMIUM, Salisb. 1812. Goodyera. Orchidaceae. 



Syn. Goodyera (Kew), R. Br. 1813, also Satyrium and 

 Neottia, in part. Herbs with tufted basal leaves, the inconspic- 

 uous flowei-s in bracted spikes. About 25 species; 3 in U. S. 



a. P. piibesceiis (Willd. ) MacM. (N. pubescens Willd., G. pubes- 

 cens R. Br.). Canada and eastern U. S. Downy Rattlesnake 

 Plantain, Net-leaf Plantain, Spotted Plantain, Rattlesnake- 

 weed, Networt, Adder's Violet*, Ratsbane, Scrofula- weed. 



