SCIEXTIFIC AND POPULAR. 287 



1679. PHYSAL6dES, Boehm. Apple of Peru. Solanaceae. 



From Greek, "resembling Physalis". Syn. Nicandra, Adans. 

 1763; Atropa, in part. Robust herb with nodding blue flowers. 

 One species, (a) P. phjsalodes (L. ) Brit. ( A. physalodes L., 

 N. physaloides Gaert., P. Peruvianum Kze. ). Peru, cult, and 

 adv. in U. S. Apple of Peru, Peruvian Bluebell. 



1680. PHYSARIA, A. Gray. Bladder-pod. Cruciferae. 



From Greek, "bladdery", alluding to the inflated fruit. 

 Perennial herbs with yellow flowers. About 4 species, all of 

 western U. S. 



1681. PHYSOSTEGIA, Benth. Lion's-heart, etc. Labiatae. 

 From Greek, "bladder covering", alluding to inflated fruit- 

 ing calyx. Syn. Dracocephalum, Prasium, in part. Perennial 

 herbs with racemes of showy flowers. About 5 species, N. 

 America; 4 in U. S. 



a. P. Yirginidna (L. ) Benth. (D. Virginianura L., D. speciosum 

 Sweet). Canada and Eastern U. S. False Dragon-head, 

 Obedient- plant, Lion' s-h eart. 



1582. PHYSOSTIGMA, Balfour. Calabar Beau. Papilionaceae. 



From Greek, "bladder stigma". Woody climbers. Two spe- 

 cies, tropical Africa. 



a. P. venonosiim Balf. Western Africa. Calabar Bean, Ordeal 

 Bean, Chop-nut; Ger. Calabarbohne, Ordealbohne; Fr. Fe^e de 

 Calabar. Seed, Physostigna U. S. P., Physostigmatis Semen 

 Br., Faba calabarica, a powerful poison, antagonizing atropine, 

 anti-spasmodic, sedative. 



1683. PHYSl^RUS, Rich. Physurus. Orchidaceae. 



Terrestrial Orchids. About 40 species, warmer regions es- 

 pecially of New World; 1 in U. S. 



1684. PHYTELEFHAS, Ruiz. & Pav. Ivory Palm. Sabalaceae. 



From Greek, "ivory plant". Low palms with ample pinnate 

 leaves. About 5 species, S. America. 



a. P. macrocarpa R. &P. Eastern slope of Andes. Ivory Palm. 

 Seeds of this and of some other species constitute vegetable ivory, 

 from which buttons, etc. are made. The fruit is called Negro- 

 head, the seeds, Ivory-nuts, Corozo- or Taqua-nuts. 



1685. PHYTOLACCA, L. Poke-berry. Phytolaccaceae. 



From Greek and French, "Lacca plant", alluding to the 

 crimson juice of the fruit. Perennial herbs or shrubs. About 

 10 species, mostly tropical ; 1 in U. S. 



a. P. dioica L. Southern Europe to India. (A shade tree). 



Tree Poke, Bellasombra tree. Umbra tree. 



b. P. dec^^ndra L. Ontario and eastern U. S., west to Minnesota. 



Poke, Pocan, Scoke, Coakum, Garget, Pigeon-berry, Poke- 

 weed, Virginian Poke, American Nightshade, Red ink plant, 

 Red weed. Cancer Jalap, Foxglove*; Ger. Kermesbeere, Schar- 

 lachbeere, Fr. Agouman, Morelle k grappes; Sp. Mazorquilla, 



