288 PLANT NAMKS AND SYNONYMS 



Naraoll, Jabonera. Root, Phytolaccae Radix, U. S. P., Poke 

 root. Fruit; Phytolaccae Fructus, U. S. P., Baccae solani 

 racemoBi; Fr. Raisin d" Amerique; alterative, emetic, discutient. 

 Young shoots used like asparagus, 



c. P. octandra L. (?) Mexico and West Indies. West Indian 

 Foxglove, Calulu. Fruit in Mexico a substitute for soap. 



1586. PIAROPlIS,Ilaf. 1836. Water Hyacinth. Poutederiaceae. 



From Greek, "fat foot" . Syn. Eichhornia (Kew), Kunth. 

 1843, Eicliornia A. Rich. ; Pontederia, in part. Aquatic herbs. 

 One or two species; 1 in U. S. 



a. P. crdssipes (Mart.jRaf. (Pont, crassipes Mart., E. speciosa 

 Kunth (Kew), E. crassipes Solms., Pont, azurea Hook.). 

 Tropical America, nat. in Florida, where it impedes navigation 

 of rivers. Water Hyacinth, Pitcher-plant*. 



1587. PICEA, Link. - Spruce. - Piiiaceae. 



Latin name of a conifer. Syn. Pinus, Abies, in part. Ever- 

 green conical trees with pendulous cones. About 15 species, 

 north temperate zone and northward; 8 in U. S. 



a. P. Canadensis (Mill.) B. S. P. (A. Canadensis Mill., Pinus 



alba Ait.,x\. alba Michx., not Mill., Picea alba Link). British 



America, south to New York, Michigan and Montana. White 



Spruce, Cat Pine, Cat Spruce, Pine Spruce, Sirgle or Skunk 

 Spruce, Black Spruce^. 



b. P. Mariana (Mill.)B. S. P. (A. Mariana Mill., Pinus nigra 



Ait., A. nigra Desf., Picea nigra Link). Black Spruce, Spruce 

 Pine, Blue or Double Spruce, White Spruce*, Spruce-gum tree, 

 He-Balsam*, Juniper*. Hesinous exudate, Spruce gum, mas- 

 ticatory. 



Other indigenous species are (c) P. Breweridna S. Wats.^ 

 the highly ornamental Weeping Spruce of Oregon; (d) P. 

 piingens Engelm. (P. Parryana Sarg. ), Blue or Colorado 

 Spruce; (e) P. r libra (Lamb.) Link (P. rubens Sarg;.), 

 Red Spruce of Canada and northeastern U. S. and (f) P. Sit- 

 cli^nsis (Bong. ) T. & M., Sitka or Tideland Spruce, the lar- 

 gest of the Spruces. 



1588. PICKERINGIA, Nutt. Pickeringia. Papilionaceae. 



Spiny shrub. One species, California. 



1589. PICRADENIA, Hook. 1833. Picradenia. Compositae^ 



From Greek, "bitter gland" . Syn. Actinella (Kew), Nutt. 

 1818, not Pers. 1807; Hymenoxys, Cephalophora, in part. 

 Bitter aromatic herbs with yellow flowers. About 20 species^ 

 N. America; 16 in U. S., mostly in southwest. 



a. P. odorata (DC.) Brit. (H. odorata DC, A. odorata A. Gray.). 

 Kansas to southern California and Mexico. Liraonilla, Fra- 

 grant Picradenia. 



1590. PICRASMA, Blume 1815. Quassia. Simarubaceae. 



Syn. Aeschrion, Veil. 1827, Picrsena, Lindl. 1838; Quassia, 

 Simaruba, in part. Trees. About 8 species, warmer regions^ 

 Old and Xew World. See Quassia and Simaruba. 



