292 PLANT NAMES AND SYNONYMS 



n. P. poiiderosa Dougl. British Columbia and Montana, south 

 to Texas and Mexico. Western Yellow Pine, Western Pitch 

 Pine, Bull Pine, Gambler Parry's Pine, Long-leaved Pine (of 

 the West), Red Pine (western), Trucker Pine. Timber light, 

 strong and very durable. 



o. P. resinosa Ait. Canada and northeastern U. S. (.'anadian 

 Pine, Red Pine (eastern), Norway Pine*. 



p. P, rigida Mill. Canada to Georgia and Kentucky. Pitch 

 , Pine, Torch Pine, Sap Pine, Candlewood or Lightwood Pine, 

 Hard or Yellow Pine, Black Norway Pine. Largely used for 

 manufacture of tar. 



q. P. Strobus L. Canada, south to Georgia and Iowa. W^hite 

 Pine, American White Pine, America,n Deal Pine, Soft Deal 

 Pine, Northern Pine, Spruce Pine, Weymouth Pine. Ti.yiiber 

 light, strong, easily worked and durable. 



r. P. sylvestris L. Europe and northern Asia. Scotch l*ine. 

 Red Pine (European), Baltic or Norway Pine, Riga Pine, 

 Scotch Fir, Foehre, Vippe, European or Red Deal. An im- 

 portanl timber tree. Resinous exudate, Common Turpentine (of 

 Europe), in England known as Common Frankincense; source 

 of the Russian and German oil of turpentine. Leaves yield oil 

 of Pinus Sylvestris, of agreeable fragrance. 



s. P. Taecla L. Delaware to Florida, west to Texas and Arkansas. 

 Loblolly Pine, Old-field Pine, Frankincense Pine, called also 

 Longshucks and Bastard, Foxtail, Indian, Longstraw, Prairie, 

 Rosemary, Sap, Slash, Swamp, Torch and Virginia Pine. 

 Largely used for manufacture of tar. Besinous exudate Amer- 

 ican Thus. 



t. P. Teocotl Ch. & Schlecht. Mexico. Ocote Pine, Torch Pine; 

 Source of Mexican Turpentine, Brea turpentine. 



1602. PIPER, L. - - Pepper. - - Piperaceae. 



The Latin name. Syn. Artanthe, Ottonia, Serronia, Steffen- 

 sia. Mostly shrubby climbers, a few trees or tall herbs. About 

 650 species, tropical regions. See Chavica, Cubeba and 

 Methysticum. 



a. P. augustifolium R. & P. (A. elongata Miq., P. elongatum 



Vahl., Stef. elongata Kunth. ). Mexico to Brazil and Peru. 

 Matico. Leaves, Matico. U. S. P., Maticae folia; Ger. Matico- 

 blatter; Fr. Matico (Codex); Sp. Yerba (Palo) de soldado; 

 astringent, terebinthinate, stimulant. 



b. P. Carpiinya R. & Pav. Chili and Peru. Leaves aromatic, 



stomachic, (c) P. Jabor^udi Veil. (Ser. Jaborandi Guill.^ 

 O. Jaborandi Kunth). Brazil. Jaborandi (See Pilocarpus), 

 according to Peckolt the true Jaborandi of Brazil, Yaguarundi 

 (Paraguay). Root pungent, sialagogue. The following spe- 

 cies are also known locally in Brazil as Jaborandi; (d) P. 

 reticiilatum L. ; (e). P. iingiuciilatum R. &P. (P. nodosum 

 Link.) and probably (f) P. citrifdlium Lam. 



