306 PLANT NAMES AND SYN0NY:\IS 



it. P. vulgaris L, (P. Canadensis Mill., P. officinalis Cranz). 

 Europe, Asia and N. Amei'ica. Heal-all, Self-heal, Slougli- 

 heal. All-heal, Hook-heal, Carpenter' s-herb. Hook- weed, Sickle- 

 heal, Sickle-weed, Sicklewort, Blue-curl, Brownwort, Heart-of- 

 the-earth. Pimpernel* Thimble-Hower; Ger. Braunelle, Braun- 

 heil; Fr. Paquereite. Herb astringent, vulnerary. 



• 



1668. PEUNUS, L. Plum, Cherry, etc. Drupaceae. 



The ancient Latin name. Syn. Armeniaca, Cerasus, ia part. 



Shrubs or trees, mostly with td ble fruit. About 90 species, 



north temperate zone, also tropical America and Asia; 35 in 



U. S. 



a. P. Americana Marsh. New York to Florida, west to Colo- 



rado and Mortana; varieties cult. Wild Yellow or Red Plum, 

 Gooise Plum, Horse Plum, Hog Plum, Native Plum, Plum- 

 granite^:. Fruit escuh^nt. 



b. P. aagastifolia Marsh. (P. Chica^a Michx,). New Jei-sey to 



Florida, west to the Rocky Mountains; varieties cult. Chick- 

 asaw Plum. Fruit edible, but small. 



c. P. Armeniaca L. (A. vulgaris Lam.). Eastern Asia, now 



widely cult. Apricot; Ger. Apricose; Fr. Abricotier. Fru.il 

 esculent. Nearly allied to this is (d) P. Slbirica L. (A. Sibi- 

 rica Pers. '), the Siberian Apricot. 



e. P, Avium L. (C. Avium Moench). Europe, sparingly nat. in 



U. S. Crab Cherry, Gaskins, Gean, Hawk-berry, Mazard, 

 Merry, Black Merry, Marasca (a variety). Sweet Cherry; Ger. 

 Susskirsche; Fr. Cerisier, /VMi^es-culent. Cultivated varieties 

 are Black-heart, Bigareau, etc. From the fruit are prepared 

 Kirschwasser, also Maraschino, Ratatia and other liqueurs. 



f. P. Ca'Olinidna (Mill.) \it. (L. Caroliniana Roem.). South- 



eastern U. S. Carolina or American Lherry-laurel, Mock 

 Orange, Wild Orange*, Wild Peach, Winter Laurel. Proper- 

 ties ot(i. ) 



g. P. Cerasus L. {C. vulgaris Mill. ). Western Asia; early intro- 



duced into Europe, now widely cult. Cherry, Agriot, Egriot, 

 Griotte, Sour Cherry, Pie Cherry. Fruit esculent. Cultivated 

 varieties are May Duke, Morel lo, etc. 



h. P. (lom^stica L. Asia, now widely cult. Plum, Horse Plum^ 

 Hor>!e-gogs, Horse-jas:, Horse-jug, Green Gag^e ( brought to 

 England by a Mr. Gage). Var. Damascena is the Damson 

 i(i. e. Damascene or Damascus Plum), Daniasin ( Damas, 

 Damselt); Ger. Pflanme, Zwetsche; Fr. Prunier commun (Co- 

 dex): Sp. Ciruela. Dried fruity Prune; Prunum U. S. P., Br.; 

 esculent, acidulous, laxative. 



i. P. Lauro-cerasus L. (C, Laurocerasus Lois., L. vulgaris Car., 

 L. officinalis M. Roem. ). Western Asia to southern Europe. 

 Cherry Laurel, Cherrv Bay; Ger. Kirschlorbeer; Fr. Laurier- 

 cerise (Codex); Sp. Laurel-cerezo. Lenven, Laurocerasi Folia, 

 Br., bitter, sedative, containing potentially hydrocyanic acid. 



