316 PLANT NAMES AND SYNONYMS 



c. R. acris L. Europe, nat. in U. S. Tall or ^[eadow Butter- 



cup, Field Buttercup, Buttercup, Goldicup, Gold-knops, Gol- 

 den-knop-*, Guilty-cup, King-cun, Blister-liower, Blister-weed, 

 Butter Cfess, Butter Daisy, Crazy, Cuckoo-buds, Horse-gold, 

 M:iry-bud.s (Shakespere), Paigle'^, Yellow-caul, Yellow' Cress, 

 Yellow Gowan (Scotland); the double variety, Yellow Bache- 

 lor's-buttons; Ger. Hahnenfuss; Fr. Kenoncule. Plant, as in 

 most species, acrid, rubefacient, counter-irritant. 



d. R. arverisis L. Europe, adv. in U. S. Corn Crowfoot, Hun- 



ger-weed, Devil's-claws, Gold-weed, Hell-weed, Horee-gold. 

 This species and (e) R, auricoiiius L., the European Goldi- 

 locks, are but slightly acrid. 



f.. R. bulbosiis L. Europe, sparingly nat. in U. S. Bulbous But- 

 tercup, Frogwort, Frostwort, Gill-cup, Meadow-bloom, Pale- 

 wort, Pissabed, St. Anthony's Rape, St. Anthony's Turnip 

 (i. e. Hog's Turnip), with most of the synonyms of (c). 



g. R* delphiiiifolius Torr. (R. lacustris Beck. & Tracy, R. mul- 



titidus Pursh, not Forsk. ). Ontario and eastern U. S. Yellow 

 Water-crowfoot, Water Buttercup. 



h. R, repens L. Europe, nat, perhaps also indigenous, in U. S. 

 Creeping Buttercup^, Meadow or Spotted-leaf Buttercup, 

 Devil' s-guts. Granny-threads, Hod-the-rake, Lantern-leaves, 

 Meg-many-feet, Ram's-claws, Sitfast, Setsicker, Tether-toad, 

 with most of the synonyms of (c). Indigenous Buttercups are 

 (i) R. fascicularis Muhl., Canada and northern U. S., Early, 

 Dwarf, Low or Fuiied Buttercup, Cowslip* and (j) R, sep- 

 tentrionalis Poir., Marsh, Swamp or Early Buttercup. 



k. R, sceleratiiS L. Europe, Asia and N. America, in swamps 

 and ditches. Cursed Crowfoot; Celery-leaved, Marsh or Ditch 

 Crowfoot, Water CeleryJ, Blisterwort, Biting Crowfoot, Ache*. 



1712. RAPHANUS, L. - Radish. - Criiciferae. 



From Greek. Herbs, mostly bieunial with showy flowers. 

 About 6 species, Europe and temperate Asia; 2 nat. in U. S. 



a. R, Raphanistrum L. Europe and northern Asia, nat. in U. S. 



Wild Radish, Jointed Charlock, White Charlock, Cadlock, 

 Skedlock, Curlock, Warlock, Krautweed, Black Mustard*, 

 Rape*. Seeds pungent like those of mustard. 



b. R^ satlYiis L. Asia, widely cult. Radish, Common or Garden 

 -Radish (Rabone, Rawbone, Reefort). Root antiscorbuiic, es- 

 culent. Pods of some varieties used as salad. 



1713. RATIBIDA, Raf. 1818. Cone-flower. Compositae. 



Name unexplained. Syn. Lepachys (Kew), Raf. 1819;. Rud- 

 beckia, in part. Perennial herbs with large flower-heads, rays 

 yellow. About 4 species, all of U. S. ^ (a) R. column^ris 

 (Sims) D. Don, Long-headed or Prairie Cone-flower, is also 

 called Brush. 



1714. RAVEN ALA, Adans. 1763. (Ravanella). Musaceae. 

 Syn. Urania, Schreb. 1789. Arborescent plants with huge 



