SCIENTIFIC AND POPULAR, 329 



a. S. officin^iim L. (S. officinale Salisb., Saccharifera officinalis 

 Stokes). Southern Asia, now cult in all tropical countries. 

 Sugar Cane. The most important of sugar-yielding plants. 



1760. SAOERl&TIA, Brong. Tia. Rhamnaceae. 



Named for Augustin Bageret, d. 1852. Shrubs. About 15 

 species, warmer regions of Asia and N. America; 2 in U. 8. 



«. S« tll^ezans Brongn, China. Tia. Ijeaves used by poorer 

 clsisses for tea, 



1761. SAGINA, L. Pearlwort, Pearl-weed. Caryophyllaceae. 



The ancient name of Spurry. Syn. Spergula, in part. I^ow 

 herbs. About 10 species, northern hemisphere; 8 in U. S,; 

 Ger. Vierling; Fr. Sagine. 



a. S. prociimbens L. Europe, Asia and N. America. Procum- 

 bent Pearlwort, Bird's-eye, Break-stone, Make-beggar, Poverty, 



1762. 8A0ITTARIA, L. Arrow-head. "Alismaceae. 



From Latin, "arrow" leaf. Syn. Alisma, in part. Scapose 

 aquatic or paludal herbs. About 80 species, warm and temper- 

 ate regions; 25 in U. S. Typical species are, in America, (a) 

 S. laitifolia Willd. (S. variabilis Engelm. ) and in Europe, 

 (b) S. 8ag:ittaef6iia L. The names Water-archer and Ad- 

 der' s-tongue are applied to some species. In California the 

 tubers of (a) or a kindred species were formerly used as food by 

 the aborigines under the name of Wappat« or Wapatoo, called 

 also Tule root. 



1768. SALIC6rXIA, L. Glasswort, Saltwort, Cheiiop(Kliaceae. 



From Latin, "salt horn", the plant growing in a saline habi- 

 tat and having horn-like branches. Fleshy plants, practically 

 Inafless. About 10 species; 3 in U. 8.; Ger. Glasschmalz; Fr. 

 Salicorne. 



a. S. herbdcea L. Saline soil throughout U. S. as in Europe and 

 Asia. Common Glasswort (the ash, barilla, formerly used in 

 the manufacture of glass), Marsh samphire (Sampion), Slender 

 or Jointed Glasswort, Chicken' s-toes, Crab-grass, Frog-grass, 

 Marsh Tea, Pickle-plant, Saltwort, Sea-grass, English Sea- 

 grape, Swy. Stems used for pickles. 



1764. SALIX, t. - Willow. - Salicaceae. 



The ancient Latin name. Trees or shrubs, mostly with nar- 

 row leaves. About 160 species, mostly of north temperate and 

 arctic regions; 75 in U. S. Synonyms are Sally (i. e. Salix), 

 Sallow, Salghe, Selly, Seel, Saugh,' Soafs, Safi; Willey, Wilf, 

 Wiffs, Widdy, Withy, Wythy; Ger. Weide; Fr. Saule; Sp. 

 Sauce, Sauz. 



a. S. alba L. Europe to middle Asia, nat. in U. S. AVhite Wil- 

 low, Common European Willow, Puck Willow, Huntington 

 Willow. Variety vitelina (L.) Koch is Golden Osier, Cane 

 Withy, Yellow Willow, Bark, Salix, U. S. P., (Jortex salicis; 

 Ger. Weidenrinde; Fr. Saule blanc (Codex). Medicinal wil- 

 low bark is obtained also from (g) and (1), likewise from (b) 

 S. pentdndra L., (c) S. rubra L., and from other species; 

 bitter, tonic; active constitutent Salicin. 



