338 PLANT NAMES AND SYNONYMS 



3. S. fest^lis Salisb. (S. nutans Sm.). Europe. Bluebell ^Eng- 

 land), Harebell (Scotland), Bell- bottle, Crow-bells, Crow Leek. 

 See Campanula (b) . 



1809. SCIRPUS, L. Kush. Cyperaceae. 



Latin name of Bulrush, of Celtic origin. Syn, Elytrosper- 

 mum, in part. Annual or perennial sedges, some almost leaf- 

 less, others leafy. About 200 species; 35 in U. S. 



a. S. laciistris L. (Includes the American S. validus Vahl. ). 

 Widely distributed. Great Bulrush, Bulrush, Bass, Bent, 

 Black Kush, Bolder, Bumble, Club Rush, Frail Rush, Mat 

 Rush, Panier Rush, Pole Rush, Spurt-grass. Probably a dis- 

 tinct species is (b) S. Californicus (C. A. Meyer) Brit. (E. 

 Calif ornicum C. A. Meyer, S, riparius J. & C. Presl. ( Kew ) , 

 S. Tatora Kunth, S. lacustris var. occidentalis S. Wats.). 

 Florida to California. California Bulrush, Tule, Tule Rush. 



1810. SCLERANTHUS, L. Knawel, etc. Caryophyllaceae. 



From Greek, ''hard flower" . Low herbs. About 10 species, 

 Old World. (a) S. dnimus L. Europe, nat. in eastern 

 U. S. Knawel, German Knotgrass, Gravel Chickweed; Ger. 

 Wilde Knauel; Fr. Gnavelle. 



1811. SCLEROCARPUS, Jacq. Sclerocarpus. Compositae. 



From Greek, "hard fruit", alluding to indurated enclosing 

 bracts. Syn. Aldama, Gymnopsis, in part. Herbs with yel- 

 low flowers. About 8 species, Africa and Mexico; 1 in Texas. 



1812. SCLER6lEPIS, Cass. Sclerolepis. Compositae. 



From Greek, ''hard scale", descriptive of pappus. Syn. 

 Aethulia, Sparganophorus, in part. A slender aquatic herb 

 with whorled leaves. One species, eastern U. S. 



1813. SCOLIOPUS, Tor. Scoliopus. Liliaceae. 

 Herbs related to Clintonia. Two species, western U. S. 



1814. SCOLOPENDRIUM, Adans. Polypodiaceae. 



From Greek, "centipede" , alluding to sori. Syn Asplenium, 



Phyllitis, in part. Ferns with entire fronds. About 5 species; 

 1 in U. S. 



a. S. Scolopendrium (L. )Karst. (A. Scolopendrium L., S. vul- 

 ■gare J. E. Sm., P. Scolopendrium (L. ) Greene, S. officinarum 

 .'Swz., S. officinale DC). Widely distributed in Old World, 

 rare in U. S. Hart' s-tongue, Seaweed Fern, Snake Fern, Snake- 

 leaves, Caterpillar Fern, Adder' s-tongue*, Fox-tongue, Button- 

 hole, La iib's-tongue. Finger Fern; Ger. Hirschzunge. Fronds, 

 Folia scolopendrii, Fol. linguae cervinse, Fol. phyllitidis; 

 diuretic, expectorant. 



1815. SC6lYMUS, L. Spanish Oyster-plant. Compositae. 



Thistle-like plants. About 4 species, Mediterranean region; 

 1 nat. in U. S. (a) S. Hispanicus L., Spanish Oyster-plant, 

 Golden Thistle. 



1816. SCOPARIA, L. Broom-weed. Scrophulariaceae. 



From Latin sco)3a, a "broom". Herbs or shrubs. About 6 

 species, warmer regions of New World; 1 in U. S. (a) S. 



