SCIENTIFIC AND .POPUI>AR. 351 



b. S. olerdceus L. Europe and Asia, nat. in IT. S. and widely 

 elsewhere. Sow Thistle, Annual or Common Sow-thistle, 

 Hare's Lettuce, Hare's Colewort, Hare' s- pal ace, Hare's Thistle, 

 Milk Thistle (Dashel), Milkweed* Milky-dickies, Milky-tas- 

 sels, Sow-dindle, Sow-dingle, St. Mary's-seed, Swinies; Ger. 

 Gansedistel, Saudistel; Fr. Laiteron. Leaves bitter, used as a 

 potherb. The similar (c) S. dspera L. is popularly known 

 by the same names. 



1872. S(3kNEA, Greene. Sonnea. Boraginaceae, 



Syn. Plagiobothrys, in part. Herbs. Six species in west- 

 ern U. S. 



1873. S6PHIA, Adans. 1763. Tansy-mustard. Cruciferae. 



PVom Greek, **wise". Syn. Descurainia, Webb & Barth. 

 1836; Erysimum and Sisymbrium (Kew), in part. Hoary- 

 pubescent herbs, some shrubby. About 12 species, mostly of 

 north temperate zone; 6 in U. S. 



at. S. Sophia (L. ) Brit (Sis. Sophia L., Sophia vulgaris Fourr., 

 D. Sophia Webb. ). Europe and Asia, adv. in U. S. Flix- 

 weed, Herb Sophia, Fine-leaved Hedge-mustard. Plant astrin- 

 gent, vulnerary. 



1874. S0PH6rA, L. Sophora. Papalionaceae. 



From Arabic, sofara, a yellow plant; whence our word sajfron. 

 Syn. Astragalus, in part. Perennial herbs, shrubs or even 

 trees. About 25 species, warmer regions; 6 in U. S. 



a. S. Japdnica L. Japan and China. Pagoda-tree, Yen-ju. 



Buds, called Waifa or Chinese-berries, yield a yellow dye. Bark, 

 flowers, etc. purgative. 



b. S. secundiflora (Cav.) DC. (S. speciosa Benth.), Texas. 



Coral- bean, Frigolito. Seeds narcotic, containing an alkaloid, 

 sophorine. Similar properties belong to (c) S. sericea Nutt. 

 (A. carnosus Pursh), Prairies, Nebraska to Arizona; Silky 

 Sophora. 



1876. s6rBUS, L. Mountain Ash. Pomaceae. 



The ancient Latin name of (e), whence English sorb and 

 service. Syn. Aria, Pyrus (Kew); Mespilus, in part. Trees or 

 shrubs with pinnate leaves and berry-like fruit. About 7 spe- 

 cies, north temperate zone; 3 in U. S. 



a. S. Aniericdna Marsh. (S. microcarpa Pursh, P. Americana 

 DC. ) . Canada and northeastern U. S. American Mountain- 

 Ash, Dogberry, American Service-tree, Indian Mozemize, Mis- 

 8ey-moosey, Moose-misse, Life-of-man, American Rowan-tree, 

 Round-tree, Round-wood, Mountain Sumac, Quick-beam, Wild 

 Ash, Wine-tree, Witch-wood. In the West this is replaced by 

 the very similar (b) S. sambii^ifolia (C. &S. ) Roem. 



c. S. Aria Cranz. (A. Graeca Roem., M. Aria Scop., P. Aria (L. ) 



Ehrh. ). Europe and northern Asia. White-beam, Chess Ap- 

 ple, Hen Apple, Hoar Withy, Lot-tree, Mulberry*, Sea Ouler, 

 Service-berry (Scotland), Whip-beam, Widbin Pear-tree; Ger. 

 Mehlbeerbaum; Fr. Alisier. 



