SCIENTIFIC AND POPULAR. 365 



Fortune-teller, Grunsel* Horse Gowan, Irish Daisy, Milk 

 Gowan, Witch Gowan, Yellow Gowan, Lion's-tooth^, Monk's- 

 head, One-o'clock, Priest' s-crown. Puff-ball*; Ger. Lowenzahn, 

 Pfaffenrohrchen; Fr. Pissenlit, Dent delion (Codex), Couronne 

 de moine; Sp. Diente de leon. Boot; Taraxacum, U. S. P., 

 Taraxaci Radix Br. ; tonic, aperient, hepatic stimulant, diuretic, 

 (whence the French name with the vulgar English, Pissabed 

 and the equivalent Latin, Lectiminga). 



1960. TAKAXIA, Small. Taraxia. Onagraceae. 



Syn. Oenothera, in part. Herbs. Six species in U. S. 



1961. TARIRI, Aubl. 1775. Cascara Amarga,etc.Siinariibaceae. 



From vernacular S. Amer. Syn. Picramnia, Swz. 1788. 

 Shrubs and trees. About 30 species, tropical America; 1 in 

 Florida. 



a. T. Antidesma (Swz.) Lyons (P. AntidesmaSwz.). Jamaica to 



Central and South America. Macary-bitter, Majoe-bitter, Old- 

 woman's bitter, Tom Bontrin's-bush. Bark tonic, febrifuge, 

 alterative. 



b. T. sp. indet. Central America. Cascara Amarga ( i. e. bitter 



bark), Honduras bark. £ar^ bitter, tonic, alterative; contains 

 an alkaloid. 



1962. TAX(3dIUM, L. C. Kich. Cypress. Tinacfae. 

 From Greek, "Yew-like", of the foliage. Syn. Schubertia, 



Mirb., not Mart., Cupressus, in part. Tall trees with horizon- 

 tal or drooping branches. Three known species, two American, 

 one of China; 1 in U. S. 



a. T. distichum (L. ) L. C. Rich. (C. disticha L., S. disticha 

 Mirbel). Southeastern U.S. Bald Cypress, Virginia Swamp 

 Cypress, Deciduous Cypress, Red Cypress (of southern States), 

 Southern or Virginia Cypress, Swamp Cypress, Sabino-tree. 

 Varieties are Black and White Cypress, from color of wood. 

 The famous Montezeuma Cypress of Chapultepec is of the Mexi- 

 can species (b) T. mucrondtum Tenore. 



1963. TAXUS, L. - Yew. - - Taxaceae. 



The classical name. Evergreen trees or shrubs with berry- 

 like fruit. About 6 species, north temperate zone; 3 i^ U. S. 



a. T. baccjita L. Europe, northern Africa and westward to the 

 Himalayas. Yew tree. Yew (Ewe, Vew, View), Chinwood, 

 Globe-berry, If Palmf (Ireland), Shoter, Snottle-berry, Wire 

 Thorn; Ger. Eibe; Fr. Ifcoramun; Sp. Tejo. Leaves po'iBonons 

 to stock, reputed emmenagogue. Wood tough and elastic. 

 The Western or Oregon Yew, (b) T. breyifolia Nutt. (T. 

 Lindleyana Laws.) of the Pacific coast, is perhaps a variety of 

 this species. 



c. T. minor (Michx.) Brit. (T. baccata var. minor Michx., T. 



Canadensis Willd. ). Canada, south to Virginia and Iowa. 

 American Yew, Dwarf Yew, Ground or Creeping Hemlock, 

 Creeping Juniperf, Chinwood, Shinwood. 



