380 PLANT NAMES AND SYNONYMS 



b. T. Idxus Salisb. (T. Americanus Muhl. )• New Hampshire to 

 Michififan, also in Washington. American Globe-flower, 

 Spreading or Swamp Globe-flower, Troll-flower, with other 

 synonyms of (a). 



2044. TROPAEOLUM, L. (Trophseum). Geraniaceae, 



From Greek, "trophy", alluding to the shield-like leaves. 

 Syn. Cardamindum, Adans. Climbing or diffuse succulent 

 herbs. About 40 species, warmer regions of New World. 



«L T. majus L. (C, majus Moench). Peru, cult, in gardens. 

 Common Nasturtium (Nasturtion, Stortioner, Sturtion\ this 

 name applying originally to Roripa; Indian Cress, Lark' s- heel*. 

 Flowers used as salad; unripe fruit a substitute for capers. 



b. T. peregTmum L., South America, cult, in gardens, is Canary- 

 bird flower; (c) T. sessilifoliiim Poeppig, of Chili and(d) T, 

 tuberosum R. & P., of Peru, produce esculent tubers. 



2045. TROPIDOCARPUMt Hook. Tropidocarpum. Cruciferae. 



From Greek, "keel fruited". Annual herbs. Three spe- 

 cies, California. 



2046. TST^GA, Carr. Hemlock Spruce. Pinaceae. 

 From vernacular, Japan, Syn. Hesperopeuce, Abies, Pin us, 



in part. Large evergreen trees with leaves apparently two- 

 ranked. About 7 species, North America and Asia; 4 in U, S. 



a. T. Canadeusis (L.) Carr. (P. Canadensis L., A. Canadensis 



Michx.). Canada, south to Alabama and W^isconsin. Hem- 

 lock, Hemlock Spruce, Weeping Spruce, Spruce Pine, Tan- 

 bark tree, Palmf. Bark extensively used for tanning, medi- 

 cinally under the name of Pinus Canadensis as an astringent. 



b. T. Merteusiana (Bong.) Car. (P. Mertensiana Bong., A, Pat- 



toniana A. Murr., T. Hookeriana Car.). Oregon to Alaska, 

 east to Montana. Western Hemlock, Mountain Hemlock, 

 Patton's Spruce. Supplies most of the tan-bark of the North- 

 west. 



2047. TUBER, Mich. Trufiie, Earth-ball. Tuberaceae. 



The ancient Latin name, a "swelling". Subterranean fungi, 

 some of the species highly esteemed for food. The English 

 word truffle, is from French . tartoufle, from Latin terrae tubera, 

 whence also the German Kartoffel i potato). 



a, T aestiyum Michel i is the common Truffle of England; (b) T. 

 meliUiosporum Vitt. is the common Truffle of France; (c) T. 

 cibarium Sibth., the Black Truffle, Perigord and Quercy 

 Truffle; (d) T. magndtum Pico, the garlic-flavored Gray 

 Truffle of Italy. [The following also are known as truffles; 

 (e) Chairomyces meandriformis Vltt., the White British 

 Truffle; (f) Mylltta australis Berk., the Australia Truffle; 

 (g) Melanogdster variegatiis Tulasne. the Red Truffle of 

 southern Europe; (h) Terfezia leonis of Italy; (i) Scler- 

 oderma Tui^aris Fr., False Truffle, allied to the Pufl'-balls] . 



