398 PLANT NAMES AND SYNONYMS 



2124. WOLFFIELLA, Hegelm. Wolffiella. Lemnaceae. 

 Latin, diminutive of **Wolffia. Syn. Wolffia, in part. Min- 

 ute ffoating plants. About 7 species; 3 in U. S. 



2^125. W06DSIA,Il.Br.Woodsia,Flower-cupFern.Polypodiaceae. 

 Named for Joseph Woods, English botanist, d, 1864. Syn. 

 Hypopeltis, in part. Small or medium-sized ferns. About 15 

 species; 7 in U. S. 



2126. WOODWARDIA, J.E. Smith. Chain-fern. Polypodiaceae. 



Named for Thomas J. Woodward, English botanist, d. 1820. 

 Robust ferns. Six species; 3 in U. S. 



2127. WRIGHTIA, R. Br. Wrightia. Apocynaceae. 



Named for Dr. William Wright, botanist of Jamaica. Syn. 

 Nerium, in part. Shrubs or trees. About 1 2 species, tropical 

 Asia, Africa and Australia. See Holarrhena. (a) W. tiac- 

 toria R. Br. (N. tinctorium Roxb.). India. Palay. Ivory- 

 tree. One of the plants yielding indigo. 



2128. WULFENIA, Jacq. 1781. Wulfenia. Scrophulariaceae. 



Named for Rev. F. X. Wulfen, botanical author, d. 1804. 

 Syn. Synthyris, Benth. 1846, also Gymnandra, in part. Herbs 

 with dense spikes of pink or purple flovt^ers. About 12 species, 

 mostly of New World; 9 in U. S. 



2129. WYETHIA, Nutt. Wyethia. Compositae. 



Named for Nathaniel J. Wyeth, American botanist. Stout 

 low herbs with large heads of mostly yellow flowers. Twelve 

 species, Pacific slope, U. S. 



2130. XANTHISMA, DC. 1836. Xanthisma. Compositae. 



From Greek, "dyed yellow". Syn. Centauridium, Tor. & 

 Gr. 1840. Annual or biennial herb with showy yellow flowerg. 

 One species, Texas. 



2131. XANTHIUM, L. Clotbur, Cocklebur. Ambrosiaceae. 



Ancient Greek name of X. strumarium, the plants yielding 

 a "yellow" dye. Coarse, rough or spiny monoecious annuals. 

 About 5 species widely distributed; 4 in U. S. (only one indi- 

 genous). 



a. X. spinosum L. S. America (?) now widely nat. in U. S. 



and in Old World. Spiny Clotbur, Thorny Clotbur or Cockle- 

 bur, Spring Clotbur, Thorny Clotweed or Bur- weed. Leaves 

 antiperiodic, reputed a prophylatic against hydrophobia. 



b. X. strumdriiim L. Europe and Asia, widely nat. in U. S. and 



elsewhere. Common or Broad Cocklebur, Bur-weed, Button- 

 bur, Bur Thistle, Small or Lesser Burdock*, Sea Burdock, Clot- 

 bur (Clote-bur), Ditch-bur, Dike-bur, Louse-bur, Sheep-bur; 

 Ger. Spitzklette, Kropfklette; Fr. Lampourde, Petit glouteron. 

 Plant antisyphilitic, alterative. Seeds yield a bland fixed oil. 

 Similar to this is (c) X. Canadense Mill., Canada to N. 

 Carolina, Nevada and Mexico, American Cocklebur, Sea 

 Cocklebur (Cucklebur), Hedge-hog Bur- weed, Canadian Bur. 



