FOREIGN PLANTS 149 



Cinera'ria. Many varieties produced from Senecio Cineraria. 



Medit. 



Citrus fruits. The home of the genus Citrus (Rutaceae) is 

 S.E. Asia. The principal cultivated species are: 

 C. aurantium, in 2 varieties, viz., var. amara, the Bitter 

 orange, also called Seville orange {C. Bigaradia)^ and 

 var. dulcis, the Orange, cultivated in a number of forms, 

 e.g., Malta — or Blood — , Navel — , etc. 

 C. medica, the Lemon (Zuur lemoen) and Lime. 

 0. decumana, the Shaddock (Pompelmoes). 

 C. nohilis, the Mandarine (Naartje). 



None of these were known to the ancient Greeks or 

 Romans. The lemon (variety "Cedra") reached Italy 

 about the year 300. The orange was brought to 

 Europe by the Portuguese in the 16th century. 



Clarkia (Oenotheraceae). C. eleganSy etc. California. 



Clema'tis. C. Viticella etc. (RanuncuL). Spain, v. also part I. 



Clover (cult.) Several species of Trifolium (Legum.). 

 T. pratense (Red — ), T. allum (White — ), T. incarnatum 

 (Crimson — ) and T. hyhridiim (Alsike — ) Eur. 



Cobaea (Polemoniac). C. scandens. Mex. 



Cock's-comb. Celosia cristata (Amarant.) Eur. 



Coffee. Coffea araMca (Rub.) and some other species. 

 Formerly also cultivated in Natal. 



Coleus (Lab.). C . Blumei, etc. Java. 



Coloca'sia. C. antiquorum (Arac.) India. The so-called Yam, 

 along water-furrows of the coastal districts. 



Columbine. Aquilegia vulgaris, etc. (Ranunculac.) N. Eur. 



Coniferae. Many species occasionally (from various parts of 

 the world). Frequent are: Pinas Pinea (Medit.), the 

 Stone-pine (Den'pijn) ; P. pinaster (P. maritima) 

 (Medit.), the Cluster pine (Zee'den); P. halepensis 

 (Medit.), the Aleppo-pine; P. canariensis, the Canary 

 Islands pine; P. insignis, from California. On T. Mt. etc. 

 P. silvestris, the Scotch fir (Grove den). Cuprcssus 

 sempervirens (Medit.), the Cypress found in many old 

 graveyards, now more frequently C. macrocarpa, 

 (Monterey — ) from California. Thuja orientalis, the 

 Arbor Vitae from China; Araucaria excelsa, the Norfolk 

 Islands pine, from the southern Australian islands; 

 A. imhricata, the Monkey-puzzle from Chili, and others 

 from America and New Zealand; Taxodium distichum, 

 the Swamp cypress, from Virginia. 



CalU'tris cupressiformis, the Oyster bay pine, and 

 C. rohusta, etc. from Australia ; Cryptomeria japonica etc. ; 



