(344) 



hardwoods from May 26 to September 14 inclusive. The 

 transition forest closely resembled the hemlock in this respect, 

 although with respect to evaporation we have seen that it was 

 more like the hardwoods. In minimum temperatures there 

 seems to have been little difference between the New York forest 

 stations/ although the hemlock was slightly colder than the 

 hardwoods. Therefore, in the means the hemlock remains 

 warmer than the hardwoods. 



The air temperature in the hemlock forests near New Haven 

 was distinctly cooler than in any of the forests at New York. 

 The north slope had a slightly lower maximum than the ridge top, 

 and a distinctly lower mimimum, resulting in a lower mean. 



The Ithaca stations show the influence of their greater distance 

 from the moderating influence of the sea. Both stations have 

 higher maximum air temperatures than New Haven, but con- 

 siderably lower minima. These greater extremes average up 

 somewhat in the means, but still leave Ithaca colder than New 

 Haven. 



Cranberry Lake, as would be expected, is the coldest station in 

 all respects. Its continental climate is shown by the greater 

 spread between its average maximum and average minimum as 

 compared with New York, amounting to 37.6° F. against 21.9° 

 for the New York hemlock. In this respect it is slightly exceeded 

 by the Ithaca stations, which showed spreads of 39.4° and 38.4° 

 for the hemlock and hard woods respectively. 



In soil temperature both at 6 and 18 inches the relation between 

 hemlock and hard-wood is the reverse of the above noted for air 

 temperature. The soil under the hardwoods is warmer than it is 

 under the hemlock. This is in accordance with what we would 

 expect from the geographic distribution of the two types. The 

 apparent contradiction with air temperature is probably explained 

 by the fact that, while the maxima under the hemlock are higher 

 than under the hardwoods, the hemlock minima are slightly 

 lower. The maxima may come from higher temperatures which 



' The minimum thermometers used for air temperatures at New York gave a 

 good deal of trouble with breaking up of the spirit column, after the first part 

 of August. This has necessitated interpolating a number of the New York mini- 

 mum air temperature readings. The interpolations were made on the curves, with 

 the trends of the other stations and past readings as a guide, and it is thought do 

 not involve serious errors. In any case they do not affect the relative position of 

 the stations, or the conclusions. 



