THE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY OF NEW YORK 



variety may be maintained. There appears to be a greater need 

 for such selection in certain types of fruit, as the orange, than in 

 others (apples for example). In many of the variegated ornamen- 

 tals bud sporting is frequent, but is usually so conspicuous that it 

 is readily recognized and taken into account. 



Bud variations are not to be confused with those differences in 

 character of foliage or fruit which arise when plants of the same 

 clonal variety are grown under varied climatic and cultural con- 

 ditions. They are most apparent when one or more buds on a 

 plant develop into branches with foliage or fruit that is unmistak- 

 ably different from the rest of the plant and when the propagation 

 from such a branch gives a new variety. 



Usually bud variations give aberrant types poorer than the type 

 from which they come. Many cut-leaved types of ornamentals, 

 certain varieties with variegated foliage, certain types of flowers as 

 in Roses and in Chrysanthemums have arisen as bud sports. But 

 very few noteworthy improvements in fruits have thus been ob- 

 tained. 



Selection of buds or propagating wood from the best and the 

 most typical individuals of a variety is a sound and safe method 

 in all vegetative propagation. This is particularly a detail to be 

 handled by nurserymen. In respect to this matter the grower is 

 wholly dependent on the nurseryman. 



DISEASES THAT ACCOMPANY CLONES 



It is becoming very evident that a clone should always be kept 

 free from diseases that are transmitted from branch to branch 

 on to new plants of the clone. It has been rather generally con- 

 sidered that clonal varieties tend to "run out." That they may do 

 this by transmitting various infectious diseases and perhaps phy- 

 siological disorders has now become apparent. Especially is this 

 the case with Potatoes in which several types of infectious diseases 

 may be transmitted to a healthy plant and then carried in its tu- 

 bers to the progeny grown from them. The successful growing 

 of Potatoes, particularly, in the more southern states, has become 

 in large degree dependent on securing for planting tubers of plants 

 free from these diseases. 



64 



