798 Borraginaceae. 
452. (12.) Alkanna Tausch. 
Calyx 5-parted. Corolla regular, funnel-shaped, not plaited at 
throat but with small, transverse, glabrous, sometimes obsolete wrinkles 
at the naked throat, and a small, glabrous, ring-shaped nectary at 
base. Stamens whorled or spirally inserted near the middle of the tube; 
anthers nearly sessile, included. Stigma capitate or bilobed. Nutlets 4, 
or by abortion 2—1, warty or pitted-wrinkled, either slightly curved, 
with a horizontal beak, and broad, basilar sinus, or strongly curved 
with a nearly vertical beak, and narrow, basilar sinus; the areola flat, 
often stipitate at the base or toward the middle of the sinus. Pericarp 
brittle; seed curved. — Herbs, often with shrubby base, and 
colored roots. 
A small genus widely distributed in the Mediterranean basin. 
1117. Alkanna tinctoria Taush in Flora (1824), p. 234. — 
Boiss. Flor. Or. IV, p. 227. — Kehbch. Ie. XVII, tab. 115 fig. 1. — 
Aschers.-Schweinf. lll. Flor. d@Eg., p.110 no. 744. — Sickenberg. 
Contrib. Flor. d’Eg., p. 260. — Aschers.-Schweinf. Primit. Flor. Mar- 
maric., p. 665 no. 228. — Anchusa bracteolata Viv. Flor. Libye., p. 10 
tab. 4 fig. 2—3. — A perennial herb, 20—40 cm high, or more, 
velvety, intermixed with strigose bristles, grey or canescent, branching 
from the base. Leaves oblong to oblanceolate, obtuse, 1—3 cm long, 
dilated and half clasping at the base. Racemes at length elongated; 
bracts longer than the enlarged, fruiting calyces; corolla-tube a 
little longer than the calyx, limb 3 mm broad; nutlets 2 mm broad, 
areola somewhat stipitate. — Flow. February to March. 
M. ma. Marmarica: Matruqa, everywhere in sandy places; Abusir; 
Mariut; Montaza to Abukir. — D. a. sept. Galala. 
Local name: hini-el-ghtl. 
Also known from all the other parts of the Mediterranean region and 
South-Eastern Kurope. 
453. (13.) Lithospermum Linn. 
Calyx deeply 5-lobed, little accrescent; lobes narrow. Calyx- 
tube straight, subcylindrical; throat not closed by scales; lobes 5, 
orbicular, imbricate. Stamens 5, inserted in the corolla-tube;  fila- 
ments very short; anthers oblong, obtuse or apiculate. Ovary with 
4 distinct lobes, inserted on the narrow gynobase; style filiform; 
stigma usually terminal, 2-lobed; ovules erect. Nuts 4, ovoid, smooth 
or rugose, erect. Seeds straight; cotyledons flat. — Annual or 
perennial herbs or shrubs. Stem-leaves alternate. Flowers white. 
yellow or blue, arranged in bracteate scorpioid cymes. 
A genus of about 40 species, widely dispersed, mainly in the temperate 
regions of both hemispheres. 
