920 Rubiaceae. 
obovate, somewhat retuse or obtuse, subtending the glabrous or 
sparingly scabrous fruit. — Flow. March to April. 
D. a. sept. Wady Sannur; Wady Araba. 
Also known from Arabia Petraea and Persia. 
519. (5.) Vaillantia 
Flowers axillary, ternate, nearly sessile, the lateral staminate, 
the central perfect. Calyx-limb 0. Corolla rotate; that of staminate 
flowers 3-fid, of perfect 4-fid. Styles 2, with capitate stigmas. Ovules 
2; seeds often by abortion 1. Fruit recurved, with three deflexed 
horns, and a fourth, erect horn or small spur near the base at the 
back of the mericarp, the back of the mericarp with 3, longitudinal, 
dentate crests. — Dwarf annual herbs, with leaves in fours, alter- 
nating with minute, sessile, yellow flowers. 
A small genus widely distributed in the Mediterranean region and the 
Tropics. 
1278. Vaillantia hispida L. Spec. Plant. I (1753), p. 1490. — 
Boiss. Flor. Or. Il, p.82. — Rehbch. Ic. XVU, tab. 131, fig. V. — 
Aschers.-Schweinf. Ill. Flor. d’Eg., p. 83 no. 501. — Sickenhberg. 
Contrib. Flor. d’Eg., p. 242. — Aschers.-Schweinf. Primit. Flor. Mar- 
maric., p.652 no. 152. — Galium hispidum Gaertn. Fruct. I, p. 109 
tab. 24. -—- An annual plant, 5—30 cm high, or sometimes some- 
what more. Fruit crescentic, with three deflexed and no erect horn, 
hispid throughout, and furnished with a small, conical, obtuse spur 
near the base of the mericarp. — Flow. March to April. 
M. ma. Marmarica: Ras-el-Kena’is; Mariut; Behig; Alexandria- 
West and -Hast; Mandara; Abukir. 
Also known from Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Tripolitania, Spain, Italy, 
Greece, Palestine and Syria. 
520. (6.) Galium Linn. 
Calyx-tube subglobose; limb obsolete. Corolla rotate; lobes 4, 
valvate in the bud. Stamens 4, inserted on the tube of the corolla; 
filaments short; anthers short, exserted. Disk annular. Ovary 
2-celled; styles 2, short; stigmas subcapitate; ovules solitary, 
attached to the septum, amphitropous. Fruit didymous, coriaceous, 
smooth rugose or tuberculate, glabrous or hispid. Seeds suberect; 
embryo curved; radicle elongated, terete, inferior. — Annual or 
perennial herbs, with angular branches, verticillate quasi-exstipulate 
sessile leaves and small hermaphrodite or polygamous _ flowers 
arranged in ebracteate terminal or axillary cymes. 
A large genus of many critical species widely scattered over the world. 
