942 Campanulaceae. 
plant. Leaves cordate, 5-lobed vel or-partite, asperulous. Female 
flowers few, corymbosed or solitary, calyx twice as long as the 
corolla; style not exserted; stigmas asperulous; berries red. — Flow. 
February to April. 
M. ma. Ras-el-Kena’is; Matruqa; Abukir; Mariut; Alexandria- 
West and -Hast. 
Also known from Greece. 
Campanulatae. 
Herbs, shrubs or rarely trees. Leaves mainly alternate: blades 
entire or toothed. Flowers perfect, monoecious or dioecious, few or 
many aggregated on a receptacle and surrounded with an involucre 
of few or many bracts, or the involucre rarely obsolete. Calyx 1 
or 2 rows of bristles, scales, a mere border or a crown, or obsolete 
or wholly wanting. Corolla of several more or less united petals. 
Androecium of usually 5 stemens, the anthers merely converging, 
or united. Gynoecium mostly of 2 united carpels. Ovary inferior. 
Styles or stigmas mostly 2. Fruit an achene. 
111. Campanulaceae. 
Flowers hermaphrodite, or rarely by abortion unisexual, regular 
or irregular. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary; limb usually 5-lobed 
or 5-partite, exceptionally 3—10-partite; lobes equal or slightly 
unequal, open valvate or imbricate in aestivation, usually persistent 
and enlarging after the corolla withers. Corolla gamopetalous, tubular 
campanulate rarely infundibuliform of rotate, straight or oblique, limb 
regular or oblique or bilabiate, lobes isomerous with the calyx, short 
or more or less deeply divided, valvate or induplicate-valvate, rarely 1, 
2 or all the petals free. Stamens of the same number and alternate 
with the lobes of the corolla commonly inserted on the disk, some- 
times on the tube of the corolla or adnate to it, filaments free from 
each other or cohering at the top or throughout their entire length; 
anthers linear oblong or rarely ovate-free or connate in a tube around 
the apex of the style, 2-celled, cells parallel, introrse, dehiscing lon- 
gitudinally. Ovary inferior half inferior or rarely almost superior, 
2—5- o1 rarely 6—10-celled, the septa sometimes imperfect or 
disappearing early; placentas axile or attached to the middle of the 
septa, stipitate or peltate; ovules numerous or rarely only two at 
the base or apex of each cell. Style simple, clavate at the apex, 
papillose, at first enclosed by the anthers afterwards protruding 
beyond them, stigmatic lobes of the same number as the cells of 
