958 Compositae. 
** Receptacle fleshy . . 
8) Filaments connate. 
* Setae of the pappus not feathery . 
** Setae of the pappus feathery. . 
d) Centawreinae. — Achenes attached to the 
receptacle obliquely by one side of the base. 
1. Fruit with a free folded margin . 
2. Fruit with a simple margin. 
a) Capitula without an involucre of leaflets. 
* Involueral bracts without an ap- 
pendix. d ae 5 hw ste Nae 
** Involueral bracts with an appendix 
8) Capitula with an involucre of small 
spiny leaflets. 
* Pappus simple. 
+ Pappus 0 or squamiform . 
++ Pappus feathery . 
** Pappus double . 
XII. Cichorieae. 
Capitula homogamous; flowers all bisexual, ligulate, 
fertile or occasionally a few barren. Corolla- 
tube slender; ligule 5-toothed. Anthers appen- 
daged at the apex, sagittate at the base, auricles 
acute or setaceous-acuminate, not tailed. Style 
branches slender, rather obtuse or acute. — 
Herbs with usually milky sap, alternate or 
basilar leaves, and yellow or occasionally purple 
or blue flowers. 
a) Scolyminieae. — Thustly-like herbs; fruits 
compressed from the back. +h 
Cichorinae. — Pappus 0, cupuliform or 
squamiform, never feathery. 
1. Flowers blue 
2. Flowers yellow. 
a) Involucral bracts after flowering not 
elongated and not indurated . 
8) Involueral bracts after flowering elon- 
gated and indurated. 
* Fruits of the disk-flowers narrowly 
b 
ONGULGTO’. ss ve a's ws ip SRM 
** Fruit of the disk-flowers not angulate. 
+ Fruits shorter than the inyolu- 
eral bracts: . 
54. Cynara. 
60. 
61. 
62. 
63, 
64. 
65. 
66. 
67. 
. Silybum. 
. Onopordon. 
. Zoegea, 
. Crupina, 
. Centaurea. 
Carthamus. 
Carduneellus. 
Cnicus. 
Scolymus. 
Cichorium. 
Koelpinia. 
Hyoseris. 
Rhagadiolus. 
