Xanthium. — Zinnia. 993 
puberulous, without spines, altogether 30—60 cm. high. Leaves 
‘deltoid, 3—5-lobate, unequally often coarsely dentate, 1—6 in. broad, 
base 3-nerved, cordate, sinus wide, cuneate into the petiole of 1 to 
9 cm. Capitula nearly sessile, clustered; fruit ellipsoidal, about 1 em 
long, terminating in an erect or somewhat curved beak. — Flow. 
March to April. 
M. p. Rosetta; Damietta; El-Grady. — N.d. N.v. Often common 
on way-sides and in waste places. — O. Little Oasis. 
Local name: kharaq-el-bahr (Forsk., Del.); shubhey (Ascherson). 
A variable plant, widely diffused especially in the warmer regions of 
the northern hemisphere. 
1368. (2.) Xanthium spinosum L. Spec. Plant. 1(1753), p. 1400. 
— Boiss. Flor. Or. II, p. 252. — Ic Morison, tab. XV fig. 3. — 
Aschers.-Schweinf. Ill. Flor. @Eg., p. 89 no. 552. — Aschers.- 
Schweinf. Ill. Flor. d’Eg., Supplem. p. 761. — Sickenberg. Contrib. 
Flor. d’Eg., p. 246. — An annual plant 60 cm to 1 m high, or some- 
times somewhat more. Spines at the base of the leaves, tripartite, 
yellow, 1—3 cm long; leaves canescent at the lower surface, green 
except along the nerves at the upper one, short-petioled, wedge- 
shaped at the base, oblong-lanceolate, undivided or 3-lobed, the 
middle lobe much longer. Staminate heads terminal, pistillate in- 
volucres usually solitary in axils, nodding. — Flow. March to April. 
M. ma. Alexandria-West. — N. d. Between Abu Hammas and 
the desert (Maire). 
Local name: hadhinjan-teriaqi. 
Also known from Southern Europe and Arabia Petraea to Syria. 
569. (29.) Zinnia Linn. 
Heads many-flowered; the ray flowers pistillate: those of the 
disk perfect, tubular, with 5 velvety lobes. Scales of the involucre 
imbricated, oval or roundish, margined. Chaff of the conical recep- 
tacle clasping the disk flowers. Ray flowers oblong, rigid persistent. 
Achenes of the disk compressed, with a 1—2-awned pappus; of 
the rays 3-angled, destitute of a pappus. — Annual herbs, with 
sessile entire 3-ribbed leaves, and solitary heads, on long inflated 
peduncles. 
A small genus, especially distributed in Mexico. 
1369. Zinnia pauciflora L. Spec. Plant. ed II (1762), p. 1269. 
— “Zinnia tenuiflora Jacq. Ic. Rar., tab. 590 (a form with narrow 
ligules). — Zinnia revoluta Cay. Icon. II, p. 251. — Zinnia leptopoda 
DC. Prodrom. V, p. 535. — Erect annual; leaves from lanceolate to 
Muschler, Manual Flora of Egypt. 63 
