1032 Compositae. 
tab. 15 fig. 13 and 14 and tab. 18 fig. U. — Aschers.-Schweinf. Ill. 
Flor. d’Eg., p. 96 no. 616. — Crupinus vulgaris B crupinastrum 
Batt. and Trab. Flor. anal. and syn. Alg. and Tun., p. 194. — Cen- 
taurea crupinastrum Moris Enum. Sem. Hort. Taur. (1842) and Flor. 
Sardoa. II, p. 443. — Crupina Morisii Boreau Fl. Centr., ed. 2 Vol. I 
p. 292. — An annual plant, 30—60 cm high, scabrous; stem erect, 
dichotomously branched. Lower leaves pinnatiparted into oblong 
dentate lobes, upper one into linear, denticulate lobes. Heads ob- 
long, 1,4 cm long, 9—15-flowered; flowers purple; inner pappus 
of 5, oblong pales, denticulate at the tip. — Flow. March to April. 
M. ma. Mariut; Alexandria-West and -Hast. 
Also known from Algeria, Tunisia, Tripolitania, Spain, Italy, Greece, 
Russia, Syria and Palestine. 
599. (59.) Centaurea Linn. 
Involucre globular or ovoid, the bracts imbricate, numerous, 
usually ending either in a prickle or in a fringed or toothed appen- 
dage. Receptacle bearing numerous bristles between the flowers. 
Flowers all tubular and 5-lobed, the outer row often larger and 
neuter. Anthers tailed. Style-branches linear, often cohering, thickened 
at the base. Achenes glabrous, usually obliquely or laterally attached 
at the base. Pappus short, of simple bristles or scales, sometimes 
very short, or rarely wholly wanting. —- Erect or prostrate herbs, 
usually rigid. Leaves alternate, entire or pinnatifid, rarely prickly. 
Flower-heads large and solitary, or smaller and paniculate. Flowers 
purple blue or yellow. 
The species are very numerous in the Mediterranean and Caucasian regions 
of the northern hemisphere, with a very few American species, and some of 
the common ones spread with civilisation over various parts of the globe; 
some are indigenous in Egypt. 
A. Seales of the involuere membranously margined, 
with membranous not spiny appendages (Amberboa). 
I. Papillose plants; flowers all pink . ... . 1. C. Lippii. 
Il. Villous or glabrescent plants; marginal flo- 
werets blue; disk-flowers golden 2. C. erupinoides. 
B. Seales of the involuecre membranously margined, 
with a short spinous appendix. 
I. Pappus easily deciduous (Aegialophila) . 3. C. pumila. 
II. Pappus persistent (Microlonchus) 4. C. Duriaei. 
C. Seales of the involucre membranously margined, 
with membranous pinnate appendages. 
