1044 Compositae. 
1457. Cnicus arvensis Hoffm. Flor. german. IV (1847), p. 180. 
— Serratula arvensis L. Spec. Plant. I, p.820. — Flor. Dan., tab. 644. 
— Carduus arvensis Curt. Flor. Lond., tab. 57. — Engl]. Bot. tab. 975. 
— Cirsium arvense Scop. Flor. Carn., p. 611. — DC. Prodrom. VI, 
p- 643. — Rchbch. Ic. XV, tab. 842. — Perennial and spreading by 
creeping rootstocks, 30—60 cm high, corymbosely branching, usually 
elabrate and green; stem and branches wingless; leaves lanceolate, 
pinnatifid and toothed, furnished with abundant weak prickles; heads 
loosely cymose, less than 2,5 cm high, dioecious: in male plant 
ovate-globular, and flowers (rose-purple) well exserted; in female 
oblong-campanulate and flowers less projecting: bracts of involucre 
all appressed, short, and with very small weak prickly points: only 
abortive anthers to the female flowers. — Flow. March. 
M. ma. Alexandria-Hast; Ramle (Muschler). 
Also known from Europe and naturalized in America. 
603, (63.) Seolymus Linn. 
Capitula homogamous, ligulate; flowers equal. Involucre ovoid 
or subglobose; bracts in few rows, imbricated, the outermost (or 
floral leaves) large, spinous-pinnatifid or -pectinate, exceeding the 
flowers. Receptacle elevated or conical, paleaceous; paleae dorsally 
compresso-plicate, enclosing the ovaries. Ligule truncate, 5-dentate. 
Anther-base sagittate; auricles mucronate-acuminate. Style-branches 
slender. Achenes dorsally compressed, inclosed in and adnate to 
the obcordate more or less winged paleae of the receptacle. Pappus 
of 2—3-barbellate setae which are wanting in our species, and of 
a denticulate annulus at the apex of the achene. — Erect thistle- 
like herbs with alternate spinous leaves, terminal or lateral sessile 
capitula, and yellow flowers. 
A genus of 3 species chiefly Mediterranean. 
A. Leaves with a thick, white margin. ian 1. S. maculatus. 
B. Leaves without a thick, white margin... . . 2. S. hispanicus. 
1458. (1.) Scolymus maculatus L. Spec. Plant. I (1753), p. 813. 
— Boiss. Flor. Or. III, p. 713. — Sibth. and Smith Flor. graec. tab, 824. 
— Rchbch. Ic. V tab. 2. — Aschers.-Schweinf. Ill. Flor. d’Eg., p. 98 
no. 625. — A nearly glabrous coarse rigid annual, 30—90 em high. 
Stem and spreading branches whitish, winged by the decurrence of 
the leaves. Stem-leaves oblong, sinuous-pinnatitid, spimous-pointed, 
sessile, about 5—9 cm long; margins cartilaginous; the basilar 
leaves broadly spathulate, spinous-dentate, subpetiolate, 6 by 2 em; _ 
the floral leaves pectinate. Capitula nearly 2 cm long in flower. 
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