Appendix VI: Glossary. 
Reniform. Kidney-shaped; deeply 
cordate with the breadth exceeding 
the height. 
Repand. With the margin slightly 
sinuate or wavy. 
Replum. A frame-like placenta left by 
the falling away of the valves, as in 
Cruciferae, some Papaveraceae, etc. 
Reticulated. With markings or veinings 
resembling network. 
Retrorse. Turned back or downward. 
Retuse. With a shallow or obscure 
notch at the rounded apex. 
Revolute. With the margins or apex 
rolled backward. 
Rhachis. The axis of a spike or of 
a compound leaf or frond. 
Rhaphe. The adnate funiculus of an 
ovule or seed, connecting the hilum | 
with the chalaza. 
Rhaphides. Crystals, usually needle- 
shaped and clustered, within the 
cells of plants. 
Rhizines, or Rhizoids. The peculiar 
root-hairs of Mosses, Lichens, ete. 
Rhizomatous. Producing rhizomes or 
of the character of a rhizome. 
Rhizome, or Rootstock. A somewhat 
horizontal underground rooting 
stem, producing a stem, leaves or 
flower-stalk at its apex or nodes, 
often short or tuberous. 
Rhombic. Obliquely four-sided. 
Rhomboidal. Somewhat rhombic in 
outline. 
Rib. A principal and prominent nerve 
of a leaf. 
Ribbed. Furnished with prominent 
nerves. 
Ringent. Gaping, applied to a labiate 
corolla with open throat. 
Root. That part of a plant growing 
underground and supplying it with 
nourishment. 
Rootlet. A very slender root or branch 
of a root. 
Rootstock. See Rhizome. 
Rostellate. Diminutive of Rostrate; 
having a small beak. 
Rostrate. Beaked; bearing a slender 
terminal process. 
Rosulate. Collected in a rosette. 
Rotate. Wheel-shaped; of a corolla, 
spreading abruptly from near the 
base and nearly flat. 
1221 
Rotund. Rounded in outline. 
Rough. Not smooth to the touch; 
scabrous. 
Rudiment. A partially developed and 
imperfect organ. 
Rudimentary. In an_ imperfectly 
developed condition. 
Rufous. Reddish or brownish red. 
Rugose. Wrinkled; ridged. 
Ruminated. Penetrated by irregular 
channels, as a nutmeg. 
Runcinate. Deeply toothed or incisely 
lobed, with the segments directed 
backward. 
Runner. A very slender prostrate 
branch (stolon), rooting and deve- 
loping a new plant at the nodes 
or tip, as in the strawberry. 
Saccate. Sac-shaped; furnished with 
a sac or pouch-like cavity. 
Sagittate. Shaped like an arrow-head; 
triangular with basal lobes prolonged 
downward. 
Salver-shaped. Narrowly tubular with 
an abruptly expanded flattened limb. 
Samara. An indehiscent membranously 
winged fruit, as in the Ash and 
Maple. 
Sarocarp. The succulent part of a 
fleshy fruit, 
Sarmentose. Producing long runners. 
Scabrous. Rough to the touch with 
minute rigid points. 
Scales. Usually variously modified 
bracts or leaves, thin and scarious, 
or coricaceous, fleshy, foliaceous, 
or woody, often imbricated. 
Scandent. Climbing. 
Scape. A naked peduncle rising from 
the ground. 
Scapigerous. Producing scapes. 
Scar. A mark of separation left upon 
a surface, as upon a stem by the 
fall of a leaf. 
Scarious. Thin, dry and membrana- 
ceous, not green. 
Scobiform. Having the appearance 
of sawdust. 
Scorpioid. Incurved like the tail of 
a scorpion, applied to a unilateral 
circinately coiled inflorescence, un- 
rolling as the flowers expand. 
Scrobiculate. Marked by minute 
depressions. 
